Related papers: About Perpetuum Mobile without Emotions
Quantum coherence profoundly alters classical thermodynamic expectations by modifying the structure and accessibility of probability distributions. Classically, transitions to lower-entropy states (local second-law violations) are…
We formulate a geometric framework in which physical laws emerge from restricted access to microscopic information. Measurement constraints are modeled as a gauge symmetry acting on density operators, inducing a gauge-reduced space of…
Microcanonical Thermodynamics allows the application of Statistical Mechanics on one hand to closed finite and even small systems and on the other to the largest,self-gravitating ones. However, one has to reconsider the fundamental…
Transitions between states with continuous (called as classical state) and discrete (called as quantum state) spectrum of permitted momentum values is considered. The persistent current can exist along the ring circumference in the quantum…
Contents: (1) Model of a lateral quantum dot system (2) Thermally-activated conduction: onset of the Coulomb blockade oscillations and Coulomb blockade peaks at low temperature (3) Activationless transport through a blockaded quantum dot:…
A scheme for treating the Second Law of thermodynamics as a constraint and accounting for the approximate nature of constitutive assumptions in continuum thermomechanics is discussed. An unconstrained, concave, variational principle is…
Electrons/atoms can flow without dissipation at low temperature in superconductors/superfluids. The phenomenon known as superconductivity/superfluidity is one of the most important discoveries of modern physics, and is not only…
We discuss the molecular diffusion transport in infinitely dilute liquid solutions under non-isothermal conditions. This discussion is motivated by an occurring misinterpretation of thermodynamic transport equations written in terms of…
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a universal trade-off between precision and entropy production, which applies in its original formulation to current observables in steady-state systems. We generalize this relation to…
Spin transfer torque and spin pumping are central reciprocal phenomena in spintronics. These phenomena occur in hybrid systems of normal metals and magnets. Spin transfer is the conversion of spin currents in metals to a torque on the…
Simulations are increasingly employing explicit reservoirs - internal, finite regions - to drive electronic or particle transport. This naturally occurs in simulations of transport via ultracold atomic gases. Whether the simulation is…
The essence of the second law of classical thermodynamics is the `entropy principle' which asserts the existence of an additive and extensive entropy function, S, that is defined for all equilibrium states of thermodynamic systems and whose…
Based on trajectory dependent path probability formalism in state space, we derive generalized entropy production fluctuation relations for a quantum system in the presence of measurement and feedback. We have obtained these results for…
Consistent perturbation theory for thermodynamical quantities in type II superconductors in magnetic field at low temperatures is developed. It is complementary to the existing expansion valid at high temperatures. Magnetization and…
We present some novel thermodynamic ideas based on the Maupertuis principle. By considering Hamiltonians written in terms of appropriate action-angle variables we show that thermal states can be characterized by the action variables and by…
Small nonequilibrium systems in contact with a heat bath can be analyzed with the framework of stochastic thermodynamics. In such systems, fluctuations, which are not negligible, follow universal relations such as the fluctuation theorem.…
In a recent companion paper, we observed that the rules of ordinary thermodynamics generally fail to respect thermal duality, a symmetry of string theory under which the physics at temperature T is related to the physics at the inverse…
The second law of thermodynamics is a statement about the statistics of the entropy production, $\langle \Sigma \rangle \geq 0$. For small systems, it is known that the entropy production is a random variable and negative values ($\Sigma <…
Noncommutativity of observables is a central feature of quantum physics. It plays a fundamental role in the formulation of the uncertainty principle for complementary variables and strongly affects the laws of thermodynamics for systems…
A general theory of thermal magnetic fluctuations near conductive materials is developed; such fluctuations are the magnetic analog of Johnson noise. For realistic experiments in quantum computing and magnetic resonance force microscopy,…