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We present an empirical dynamical model of the local interstellar medium based on 270 radial-velocity measurements for 157 sight lines toward nearby stars. Physical-parameter measurements (i.e., temperature, turbulent velocity, depletions)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-28 Seth Redfield , Jeffrey L. Linsky

The unsteady flow physics of wind-turbine wakes under dynamic forcing conditions are critical to the modeling and control of wind farms for optimal power density. Unsteady forcing in the streamwise direction may be generated by unsteady…

Cirrus clouds are key modulators of Earth's climate. Their dependencies on meteorological and aerosol conditions are among the largest uncertainties in global climate models. This work uses three years of satellite and reanalysis data to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-05-29 Kai Jeggle , David Neubauer , Gustau Camps-Valls , Ulrike Lohmann

In this work, we investigate the properties of a population of cool clouds in simulated galaxy outflows. Using data from the CGOLS isolated galaxy simulations, we generate catalogues of $\sim 10^5$ clouds. We describe the impact of two…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-16 Orlando Warren , Evan E. Schneider , S. Alwin Mao , Matthew W. Abruzzo

We developed a new explicit cloud microphysical model, based on direct numerical simulation (DNS) with Lagrangian particle tracking. The model employs a vertically-elongated quasi-1D computational domain extending from the ground to the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Masaya Iwashima , Ryo Onishi

The observed correlation between global low cloud amount and the flux of high energy cosmic rays supports the idea that ionization plays a crucial role in tropospheric cloud formation. We explore this idea quantitatively with a simple model…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 David Marsden , Richard E. Lingenfelter

Atmospheric weather systems are coherent structures consisting of discrete cloud cells forming patterns of rows/streets, mesoscale clusters and spiral bands which maintain their identity for the duration of their appreciable life times in…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Mary Selvam

Adopting the MPI-AMRVAC code, we present a 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation, which includes thermal conduction and radiative cooling, to investigate the formation and evolution of the coronal rain phenomenon. We perform…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-09 Xiaohong Li , Rony Keppens , Yuhao Zhou

A significant correlation between the annual cosmic ray flux and the amount of low clouds has recently been found for the past 20 years. However, of the physical explanations suggested, none has been quantitatively verified in the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 I. G. Usoskin , N. Marsh , G. A. Kovaltsov , K. Mursula , O. G. Gladysheva

The role of droplet charge in stratiform clouds is one of the least well understood areas in cloud microphysics and is thought to affect cloud radiative and precipitation processes. Layer clouds cover a large proportion of the Earth's…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Keri A. Nicoll , R. Giles Harrison

For et al., who catalogued Magellanic Stream (MS) clouds, suggested that there is substantial large-scale turbulence in the MS. Here we follow up with a series of FLASH simulations that model the hydrodynamic effects that clouds have on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-14 M. Elliott Williams , Robin L. Shelton

The study of droplet generation in wind tunnels in conducting icing experiments is of great importance in determining ice formation on structures or surfaces, where parameters such as Liquid Water Content (LWC) and Median Volumetric…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-14 César Hernández-Hernández , Thomas Chevet , Rihab el Houda Thabet , Nicolas Langlois

A number of transiting exoplanets have featureless transmission spectra that might suggest the presence of clouds at high altitudes. A realistic cloud model is necessary to understand the atmospheric conditions under which such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-08 Kazumasa Ohno , Satoshi Okuzumi

The dropwise condensation underneath a horizontal super-hydrophobic surface having unidirectional wettability gradient is modeled with implication to enhance the rate of condensation. The mathematical model includes nucleation, growth by…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-03-16 Basant Singh Sikarwar , Abdelwadood Adil Daoud

Condensational growth of cloud droplets due to supersaturation fluctuations is investigated by solving the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic equations using direct numerical simulations with droplets being modeled as Lagrangian particles. The…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Xiang-Yu Li , Gunilla Svensson , Axel Brandenburg , Nils E. L. Haugen

We present two sets of grid-based hydrodynamical simulations of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) traveling through the diffuse, hot Galactic halo. These HI clouds have been suggested to provide fuel for ongoing star formation in the Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-11 Fabian Heitsch , Mary E. Putman

Studying water droplets is a rich lesson in fields of fluid dynamics, nonlinear systems, and differential equations. Understanding various physical aspects of raindrops can help us in understanding drop dynamics, rainfall density…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-31 Yashvir Tibrewal , Nishchal Dwivedi

A physical model and two-dimensional numerical method for computing the evolution and spectra of protostellar clouds are described. The physical model is based on a system of magneto-gasdynamical equations, including ohmic and ambipolar…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. G. Zhilkin , Ya. N. Pavlyuchenkov , S. N. Zamozdra

Marine shallow cumulus clouds have long caused large uncertainty in climate projections. These clouds frequently organize into mesoscale (10-500 km) structures, through two processes that couple the clouds to shallow mesoscale circulations:…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Pouriya Alinaghi , Martin Janssens , Fredrik Jansson

Global warming is projected to intensify the hydrological cycle, amplifying risks to ecosystems and society. While extreme rainfall appears to exhibit stronger sensitivity to global warming compared to mean rainfall rates, a unifying…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Jun Yin , Bei Gao , Amilcare Porporato