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The large-scale structure of the Universe should soon be measured at high redshift during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) through line-intensity mapping. A number of ongoing and planned surveys are using the 21 cm line to trace neutral…
The exponential rise in wearable sensors has garnered significant interest in assessing the physiological parameters during day-to-day activities. Respiration rate is one of the vital parameters used in the performance assessment of…
Breathing is one of the most important body functions because it provides it with oxygen, which is vital for energy production. In addition, the removal of carbon dioxide actively regulates the acid-base level, which is essential for the…
We discuss aspects of randomness and of determinism in electrocardiographic signals. In particular, we take a critical look at attempts to apply methods of nonlinear time series analysis derived from the theory of deterministic dynamical…
Subtle periodic signals, such as blood volume pulse and respiration, can be extracted from RGB video, enabling noncontact health monitoring at low cost. Advancements in remote pulse estimation -- or remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) -- are…
Abdominal sounds (ABS) have been traditionally used for assessing gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. However, the assessment requires a trained medical professional to perform multiple abdominal auscultation sessions, which is…
It has been observed that an interesting class of non-Gaussian stationary processes is obtained when in the harmonics of a signal with random amplitudes and phases, frequencies can also vary randomly. In the resulting models, the…
We investigate distributional properties of a class of spectral spatial statistics under irregular sampling of a random field that is defined on $\mathbb{R}^d$, and use this to obtain a test for isotropy. Within this context, edge effects…
If $\gamma$-ray bursts are at cosmological distances, then not only their constituent pulses but also the intervals between pulses should be time-dilated. Unlike time-dilation measures of pulse emission, intervals would appear to require…
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a powerful non-invasive brain imaging technique with a high temporal resolution that has seen extensive use across multiple areas of cognitive science research. This thesis adapts representational similarity…
A strong excess in a form of a wide peak in the energy range of 300-800 GeV was discovered in the first measurements of the electron spectrum in the energy range from 20 GeV to 3 TeV by the balloon-borne experiment ATIC (J. Chang et al.…
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used diagnostic tool for detecting heart conditions. Rare cardiac diseases may be underdiagnosed using traditional ECG analysis, considering that no training dataset can exhaust all possible cardiac…
Gene expression levels, hormone secretion, and internal body temperature each oscillate over an approximately 24-hour cycle, or display circadian rhythms. Many circadian biology studies have investigated how these rhythms vary across…
Asteroseismology, i.e. the study of the internal structures of stars via their global oscillations, is a valuable tool to obtain stellar parameters such as mass, radius, surface gravity and mean density. These parameters can be obtained…
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential signal in monitoring human heart activities. Researchers have achieved promising results in leveraging ECGs in clinical applications with deep learning models. However, the mainstream deep learning…
Transitions in the dynamics of complex systems can be characterized by changes in the synchronization behavior of their components. Taking the human cardio-respiratory system as an example and using an automated procedure for screening the…
Phase aberrations, despite degrading ultrasound images, also encode valuable information about the spatial distribution of the speed of sound in tissue. In pulse-echo ultrasound, we can quantify them by exploiting speckle correlations.…
It is difficult to choose detection thresholds for tests of non-stationarity that assume {\em a priori} a noise model if the data is statistically uncharacterized to begin with. This is a potentially serious problem when an automated…
The use of Automatic speech recognition (ASR) interfaces have become increasingly popular in daily life for use in interaction and control of electronic devices. The interfaces currently being used are not feasible for a variety of users…
The use of averaging has long been known to reduce noise in statistically independent systems that exhibit similar levels of stochastic fluctuation. This concept of averaging is general and applies to a wide variety of physical and man-made…