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LIGO's detection of gravitational waves marks a first step in measurable effects of general relativity on quantum matter. In its current operation, laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors are already quantum limited at high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Belinda Pang , Yanbei Chen

Next-generation gravitational wave (GW) experiments will explore higher frequency ranges, where GW wavelengths approach the size of the detector itself. In this regime, GWs may be detected not just through the well-known mechanical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Lars Fischer , Tom Krokotsch , Gudrid Moortgat-Pick

Gravitational wave detectors are typically described as responding to gravitational wave metric perturbations, which are gauge-dependent and --- correspondingly --- unphysical quantities. This is particularly true for ground-based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Michael J. Koop , Lee Samuel Finn

Here I examine how to determine the sensitivity of the LIGO, VIRGO, and LAGOS gravitational wave detectors to sources of gravitational radiation by considering the process by which data are analyzed in a noisy detector. By constructing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Lee Samuel Finn

The collection of individually resolvable gravitational wave (GW) events makes up a tiny fraction of all GW signals which reach our detectors, while most lie below the confusion limit and go undetected. Like voices in a crowded room, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-02 Arianna I. Renzini , Boris Goncharov , Alexander C. Jenkins , Pat M. Meyers

Mirror thermal noise is and will remain one of the main limitations to the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors based on laser interferometers. We report about projected mirror thermal noise due to losses in the mirror coatings and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-02 Janyce Franc , Nazario Morgado , Raffaele Flaminio , Ronny Nawrodt , Iain Martin , Liam Cunningham , Alan Cumming , Sheila Rowan , James Hough

The physics of neutron stars can be studied with gravitational waves emitted from coalescing binary systems. Tidal effects become significant during the last few orbits and can be visible in the gravitational-wave spectrum above 500 Hz.…

Laser interferometer detectors are now widely used in an attempt to detect gravitational waves (gw). The interaction of the gw with the light circulating in the interferometer is usually explained in terms of the motion of the "free"…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-18 Adrian Melissinos , Ashok Das

We study the damping of the gravitational radiation-driven f-mode instability in rotating neutron stars by nonlinear bulk viscosity in the so-called supra-thermal regime. In this regime the dissipative action of bulk viscosity is known to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. Passamonti , K. Glampedakis

Quantum reflection occurs when ultra-cold atoms are incident on a material surface with sufficiently low velocity. The reflecting matter wave can interfere with the incident wave to form a detectable pattern, and this pattern contains…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-04-22 J. Boynewicz , C. A. Sackett

A stochastic gravitational wave background causes the apparent positions of distant sources to fluctuate, with angular deflections of order the characteristic strain amplitude of the gravitational waves. These fluctuations may be detectable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-28 Laura G. Book , Éanna É. Flanagan

In this paper, we present a consistent procedure to assess the significance of gravitational wave events observed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors based on the background distribution of detection statistic. We propose…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-07 Hirotaka Yuzurihara , Shuhei Mano , Hideyuki Tagoshi

The response of laser interferometers to gravitational waves has been calculated in a number of different ways, particularly in the transverse-traceless and the local Lorentz gauges. At first sight, it would appear that these calculations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Malik Rakhmanov

During the fifth science run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), signals modelling the gravitational waves emitted by coalescing non-spinning compact-object binaries were injected into the LIGO data stream. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-05 Marc van der Sluys , Ilya Mandel , Vivien Raymond , Vicky Kalogera , Christian Roever , Nelson Christensen

We analyze detector responses of gravitational wave detectors for gravitational waves with arbitrary polarizations predicted in the metric theories of gravity. We present the general formulas for the frequency responses valid in various…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-06 Arkadiusz Błaut

Suspension thermal modes in interferometric gravitational-wave detectors produce narrow, high-Q spectral lines that can contaminate gravitational searches and bias parameter estimation. In KAGRA, cryogenic mirrors are held by thick…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Lucas Moisset , Marco Meyer-Conde , Christopher Allene , Yusuke Sakai , Dan Chen , Nobuyuki Kanda , Hirotaka Takahashi

Based on the relationship between proper distance and coordinate distance, the geometrical phenomenon caused by the passing gravitational waves can not be observed locally. The electromagnetic wave equations in the background gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-13 Wenyu Wang , Yang Xu

The sensitivity of current and planned gravitational wave interferometric detectors is limited, in the most critical frequency region around 100 Hz, by a combination of quantum noise and thermal noise. The latter is dominated by Brownian…

Planning is underway for several space-borne gravitational wave observatories to be built in the next ten to twenty years. Realistic and efficient forward modeling will play a key role in the design and operation of these observatories.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Louis J. Rubbo , Neil J. Cornish , Olivier Poujade

We present the analysis of undesirable effect of parametric oscillatory instability in signal recycled LIGO interferometer. The basis for this effect is the excitation of the additional (Stokes) optical mode, with frequency $\omega_1$, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 V. B. Braginsky , A. Gurkovsky , S. E. Strigin , S. P. Vyatchanin