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In this paper we prove in a rigorous mathematical way (using the Clifford bundle formalism) that the energies and momenta of two distinct and arbitrary free Maxwell fields (of finite energies and momenta) that are superposed are additive…
No positive result has been obtained on the magnetic monopoles search. This allows to consider different theoretical approaches as the proposed in this paper, developed in the framework of the Einstein General Relativity. The properties of…
The conventional decomposition of a vector field into longitudinal (potential) and transverse (vortex) components (Helmholtz's theorem) is claimed in [1] to be inapplicable to the time-dependent vector fields and, in particular, to the…
The formulation of a generalized classical electromagnetism that includes both electric and magnetic charges, is explored in the framework of two potential approach. It is shown that it is possible to write an action integral from which one…
Using two new well defined 4-dimensional potential vectors, we formulate the classical Maxwell's field theory in a form which has manifest Lorentz covariance and SO(2) duality symmetry in the presence of magnetic sources. We set up a…
The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic field, force, energy and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and the Lorentz force law. Whereas…
In the introductory courses on electromagnetism, the Biot-Savart law is generally explained by a simple example to find the magnetic field created at any point in space by a small wire element that carries a current. The simplest system…
The development of relational electromagnetism after Gauss appears to stop around 1870. Maxwell recognised relational electromagnetism as mathematically equivalent to his own formulae and called for an explanation of why so different…
The possibility of an incompletness of the equations of electromagnetism is analyzed using a thought experiment that shows a non-physical behavior according to classical electromagnetism. Basically, from Maxwell equations it is shown that a…
The governing equations of Maxwell electrodynamics in multi-dimensional spaces are derived from the variational principle of least action which is applied to the action function of the electromagnetic field. The Hamiltonian approach for the…
We recall that the theory of electromagnetism consists of three building blocks: (a) the inhomogeneous Maxwell equations for the electric and magnetic excitations $(D,H)$ (which reflects charge conservation), (b) the homogeneous Maxwell…
The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic (EM) field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and by the Lorentz force law.…
The force exerted by an electromagnetic body on another body in relative motion, and its minimal expression, the force on moving charges or \emph{Lorentz' force} constitute the link between electromagnetism and mechanics. Expressions for…
A four-vector field in flat space-time, satisfying a gauge-invariant set of second-order differential equations, is considered as a unified field. The model variational principle corresponds to the general covariance idea and gives rise to…
The formulation of a complete theory of classical electromagnetism by Maxwell is one of the milestones of science. The capacity of many-body systems to provide emergent mini-universes with vacua quite distinct from the one we inhabit was…
A framework based on an extension of Kaluza's original idea of using a five dimensional space to unify gravity with electromagnetism is used to analyze Maxwell\'{}s field equations. The extension consists in the use of a six dimensional…
Electromagnetism is the energy originating from an electric charge. Our purpose is to enlarge Maxwell. Include the charge transfer phenomenology. A four bosons electromagnetism is derived. An EM completeness is achieved. The charge's set…
Textbooks play a fundamental role in teaching and learning in school science classrooms. In this paper we investigate the presentation of the nature of the electromagnetic field in a dozen of the world's most popular introductory university…
The purpose of this course is to provide an introduction to Electromagnetic Theory. The foundations of electrodynamics starting from the nature of electrical force up to the level of Maxwell equations solutions are presented. It starts with…
We present a systematic geometric framework for the dimensional reduction of classical electromagnetism based on the concept of descent along vector fields of invariance. By exploring the interplay between the Lie derivative and the Hodge…