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The goal of this contribution is to introduce the Hamiltonian formalism of theoretical mechanics for analysing motion in generic linear and non-linear dynamical systems, including particle accelerators. This framework allows the derivation…
Holographic particle image velocimetry allows tracking particle trajectories in time and space by means of holography. However, the drawback of the technique is that in the three-dimensional particle distribution reconstructed from a…
Towards the end of nineteenth century, Celestial Mechanics provided the most powerful tools to test Newtonian gravity in the solar system, and led also to the discovery of chaos in modern science. Nowadays, in light of general relativity,…
Can a machine or algorithm discover or learn the elliptical orbit of Mars from astronomical sightings alone? Johannes Kepler required two paradigm shifts to discover his First Law regarding the elliptical orbit of Mars. Firstly, a shift…
Relativistic particles in the Kepler and Coulomb potentials may have trajectories that are qualitatively different from the trajectories found in nonrelativistic mechanics. Spiral scattering trajectories were pointed out by C. G. Darwin in…
The study of diffeomorphism groups and their applications to problems in analysis and geometry has a long history. In geometric hydrodynamics, pioneered by V.~Arnold in the 1960s, one considers an ideal fluid flow as the geodesic motion on…
In this paper, we apply the geometric Hamilton--Jacobi theory to obtain solutions of Hamiltonian systems in Classical Mechanics, that are either compatible with a cosymplectic or a contact structure. As it is well known, the first structure…
The trajectories of the $\mathrm{O}(1)$-Kepler problem at level $n\ge 2$ are completely determined. It is found in particular that a non-colliding trajectory is an ellipse, a parabola or a branch of hyperbola according as the total energy…
Historically, there have been many attempts to produce an appropriate mathematical formalism for modeling the nature of physical space, such as Euclid's geometry, Descartes' system of Cartesian coordinates, the Argand plane, Hamilton's…
The motion of a satellite around a planet can be studied by the Hill model, which is a modification of the restricted three body problem pertaining to motion of a satellite around a planet. Although the dynamics of the circular Hill model…
It has long been known that cylindrical algebraic decompositions (CADs) can in theory be used for robot motion planning. However, in practice even the simplest examples can be too complicated to tackle. We consider in detail a "Piano…
A bicycle path is a pair of trajectories in ${\mathbb R}^n$, the `front' and `back' tracks, traced out by the endpoints of a moving line segment of fixed length (the `bicycle frame') and tangent to the back track. Bicycle geodesics are…
The accelerated Kepler problem is obtained by adding a constant acceleration to the classical two-body Kepler problem. This setting models the dynamics of a jet-sustaining accretion disk and its content of forming planets as the disk loses…
In this paper we present a stepwise construction of the path integral over relativistic orbits in Euclidean spacetime. It is shown that the apparent problems of this path integral, like the breakdown of the naive Chapman-Kolmogorov…
In paper I in this series, we found exact expressions for the equatorial homoclinic orbits: the separatrix between bound and plunging, whirling and not whirling. As a companion to that physical space study, in this paper we paint a phase…
We generalize the curved $N$-body problem to spheres and hyperbolic spheres whose curvature $\kappa$ varies in time. Unlike in the particular case when the curvature is constant, the equations of motion are non-autonomous. We first briefly…
We develop a geometric version of the circle method and use it to compute the compactly supported cohomology of the space of rational curves through a point on a smooth affine hypersurface of sufficiently low degree.
We calculate the exact solutions to the equations of motion that govern the light ray trajectories as they travel in a Kerr black hole's exterior that is considered to be filled with an inhomogeneous and anisotropic plasmic medium. This is…
We study the Robe's restricted three-body problem. Such a motion was firstly studied by A. G. Robe in \cite{Robe}, which is used to model small oscillations of the earth's inner core taking into account the moon attraction. For the linear…
In this paper we consider cases of existence of invariant measure, additional first integrals, and Poisson structure in a problem of rigid body's rolling without sliding on plane and sphere. The problem of rigid body's motion on plane was…