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In the post-Maxwellian era, sensing that the tide of discoveries in electromagnetim indicated a decline of the mechanical view, Einstein replaced Newton's three absolutes -- space, time and mass, with a single one, the velocity of light.…
The development of sport performances in the future is a subject of myth and disagreement among experts. As arguments favoring and opposing such methodology were discussed, other publications empirically showed that the past development of…
Measurement of the solar wind speed near the Sun is important for understanding the acceleration mechanism of the solar wind. In this study, we determine 2D solar wind speeds from 6 to 26 solar radii by applying Fourier motion filters to…
In 1827, Colladon carried out a series of experiments in Lac Leman (Lake Geneva, Switzerland) to measure the speed of sound in water. The purpose of our contribution is to treat this measurement as an inverse problem, and show, by theory…
When the laws of Physics are taken seriously, the sports can benefit in getting better results, as was the case of the high jump in Flop style, so that the athlete sprints diagonally towards the bar,then curve and leap backwards over it.…
The availability of massive data about sports activities offers nowadays the opportunity to quantify the relation between performance and success. In this study, we analyze more than 6,000 games and 10 million events in six European leagues…
An analysis of marathon pacing and elevation change is presented. It is based on an empirical observation of how the pace of elite and non-elite marathon runners change over the course of the marathon and a simple approximation of the…
Though athletics statistics are abundant, it is a difficult task to quantitatively compare performances from different events of track, field, and road running in a meaningful way. There are several commonly-used methods, but each has its…
Many swimming and flying animals are observed to cruise in a narrow range of Strouhal numbers, where the Strouhal number ${St = 2fA/U}$ is a dimensionless parameter that relates stroke frequency $f$, amplitude $A$, and forward speed $U$.…
This is a comment on a paper by Greaves, Rodriguez, and Ruiz-Camacho [Am. J. Phys. 77, 894 (2009)] which reports a measurement of the one-way speed of light.
We construct, for each real number $0\leq \alpha \leq 1$, a random walk on a finitely generated semigroup whose speed exponent is $\alpha$. We further show that the speed function of a random walk on a finitely generated semigroup can be…
Motivated by a problem posed by Aldous, our goal is to find the maximal-entropy win-martingale: In a sports game between two teams, the chance the home team wins is initially $x_0 \in (0,1)$ and finally 0 or 1. As an idealization we take a…
Predicting cycling duration for a given route is essential for training planning and event preparation. Existing solutions rely on physics-based models that require extensive parameterization, including aerodynamic drag coefficients and…
Fluctuation dynamics of an experimentally measured observable offer a primary signal for nonequilibrium systems, along with dynamics of the mean. While universal speed limits for the mean have actively been studied recently, constraints for…
We model the instantaneous power applied by a cyclist on a velodrome -- for individual pursuits and other individual time trials -- taking into account its straights, circular arcs, and connecting transition curves. The forces opposing the…
We analyze the statistics of turbulent velocity fluctuations in the time domain. Three cases are computed numerically and compared: (i) the time traces of Lagrangian fluid particles in a (3D) turbulent flow (referred to as the "dynamic"…
The aim of this paper is first the detection of multiple abrupt changes of the long-range dependence (respectively self-similarity, local fractality) parameters from a sample of a Gaussian stationary times series (respectively time series,…
Currently, there is an increasing number of super high-rise buildings in urban cities, the issue of evacuation in emergencies from such buildings comes to the fore. An evacuation experiment was carried out by our group in Shanghai Tower, it…
We are motivated by a problem about running: If a race was completed in an average pace of P minutes per mile, is there necessarily some mile of the race that was run in exactly P minutes? The answer is no. We explain why, and describe the…
Some 50~years ago, physicists, and after them the entire world, started to found their time reference on atomic properties instead of motions of the Earth that have been in use since the origin. Far from being an arrival point, this…