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Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories are of widespread interest, due to a large number of theoretical and phenomenological applications. Much is known about the possible behaviour of amplitudes, that is independent of the details…

Metamaterials are artificial composite structures designed for controlling waves or fields, and exhibit interaction phenomena that are unexpected on the basis of their chemical constituents. These phenomena are encoded in effective material…

Double parton scattering events are directly sensitive to the correlations between two partons inside a proton and can answer fundamental questions on the connections between the proton constituents. In this chapter, the different types of…

The recent progress in establishing the existence of finite neutrino masses and mixing between generations of neutrinos has been remarkable, if not astounding. The combined results from studies of atmospheric neutrinos, solar neutrinos, and…

Advances in experiment, theory and phenomenology of hadron spectroscopy are discussed. We focus on specific developments in the meson sector.

The sub-keV mass range has long posed a challenge for the direct detection of dark matter via elastic scattering. In this Letter, we propose a new mechanism in which dark matter, assumed to be quadratically coupled to SM particles, scatters…

Neutrino oscillation parameters can be understood in a better way by building a more complete picture of neutrino interactions. This poses a series of important theoretical and experimental challenges because of the elusive nature of…

The analysis of hadronic interactions with effective field theory techniques is complicated by the appearance of a large number of low-energy constants, which are usually fitted to data. On the other hand, the large-$N_c$ limit imposes…

An interpretation is given for elastic proton scattering at ultra-high energies with impact-parameter amplitude exceeding the black disk limit. It is shown that this scattering mode can arise due to the contribution of an exceptional…

The accurate interpretation of experiments with matter at extreme densities and pressures is a notoriously difficult challenge. In a recent work [T.~Dornheim et al., Nature Comm. (in print), arXiv:2206.12805], we have introduced a formally…

Muon colliders offer special opportunities to discover and study new physics. With the high intensity source of muons at the front end, orders of magnitude improvements would be realized in searches for rare muon processes, in deep…

It has long been expected that the spectrum of hadrons in QCD would be far richer and extensive than experiment has so far revealed. While there have been experimental hints of this richness for some time, it is really only in the last few…

In the past few years a wealth of high quality data has made possible to test current theoretical ideas about the properties of hadrons subject to extreme conditions of density and temperature. The relativistic heavy-ion program carried out…

Scattering experiments have revolutionized our understanding of nature. Examples include the discovery of the nucleus, crystallography, and the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA. Scattering techniques differ by the type of the…

Massive neutrinos and leptonic mixings have provided the first evidence of flavour violation in the lepton sector, opening a unique gateway to many new phenomena. Among the latter, one finds processes violating lepton number, charged lepton…

We discuss in detail different future long baseline neutrino oscillation setups and we show the remarkable potential for very precise measurements of mass splittings and mixing angles. Furthermore it will be possible to make precise tests…

Recent advances in the study of excited nucleons are discussed. Much of the progress has been achieved due to the availability of high precision meson production data in the photoproduction and electroproduction sectors, the development of…

Light scattering is one of the most established wave phenomena in optics, lying at the heart of light-matter interactions and of crucial importance for nanophotonic applications. Passivity, causality and energy conservation imply strict…

Advances in accelerator technology have led to significant improvements in the quality of muon beams over the past decades. Investigations of the muon and muonium enable precise measurements of fundamental constants, as well as searches for…

High-temperature superconductivity in both the copper-oxide and the iron-pnictide/chalcogenide systems occurs in close proximity to antiferromagnetically ordered states. Neutron scattering has been an essential technique for characterizing…