Related papers: Scaling and universality in proportional elections
The electoral college of voting system for the US presidential election is analogous to a coarse graining procedure commonly used to study phase transitions in physical systems. In a recent paper, opinion dynamics models manifesting a phase…
We consider a model where a subset of candidates must be selected based on voter preferences, subject to general constraints that specify which subsets are feasible. This model generalizes committee elections with diversity constraints,…
Turbulence exhibits significant velocity fluctuations even if the scale is much larger than the scale of the energy supply. Since any spatial correlation is negligible, these large-scale fluctuations have many degrees of freedom and are…
The voter model has been studied extensively as a paradigmatic opinion dynamics' model. However, its ability for modeling real opinion dynamics has not been addressed. We introduce a noisy voter model (accounting for social influence) with…
Competition between varying ideas, people and institutions fuels the dynamics of socio-economic systems. Numerous analyses of the empirical data extracted from different financial markets have established a consistent set of stylized facts…
A unified approach is proposed to describe the statistics of the short time dynamics of multiscale complex systems. The probability density function of the relevant time series (signal) is represented as a statistical superposition of a…
Zipf's law is the most common statistical distribution displaying scaling behavior. Cities, populations or firms are just examples of this seemingly universal law. Although many different models have been proposed, no general theoretical…
Politics around the world exhibits increasing polarization, demonstrated in part by rigid voting configurations in institutions like legislatures or courts. A crux of polarization is separation along a unidimensional ideological axis, but…
The dynamical relaxation and scaling properties of three different variants of the contact process in two spatial dimensions are analysed. Dynamical contact processes capture a variety of contagious processes such as the spreading of…
Forecasting elections -- a challenging, high-stakes problem -- is the subject of much uncertainty, subjectivity, and media scrutiny. To shed light on this process, we develop a method for forecasting elections from the perspective of…
Given a random process $x(\tau)$ which undergoes stochastic resetting at a constant rate $r$ to a position drawn from a distribution ${\cal P}(x)$, we consider a sequence of dynamical observables $A_1, \dots, A_n$ associated to the…
Referring to a standard context of voting theory, and to the classic notion of voting situation, here we show that it is possible to observe any arbitrary set of elections' outcomes, no matter how paradoxical it may appear. On this purpose…
Pattern-forming nonequilibrium systems are ubiquitous in nature, from driven quantum matter and biological life forms to atmospheric and interstellar gases. Identifying universal aspects of their far-from-equilibrium dynamics and statistics…
We apply a probabilistic approach to study the computational complexity of analog computers which solve linear programming problems. We analyze numerically various ensembles of linear programming problems and obtain, for each of these…
We found that models of evolving random networks exhibit dynamic scaling similar to scaling of growing surfaces. It is demonstrated by numerical simulations of two variants of the model in which nodes are added as well as removed [Phys.…
We study statistical properties of atmospheric particulate matter fluctuations using six years of daily PM2.5 concentration data from fifty-four Indian cities. Despite diverse urban settings and heterogeneous climatic conditions, we find…
The integrity of elections is central to democratic systems. However, a myriad of malicious actors aspire to influence election outcomes for financial or political benefit. A common means to such ends is by manipulating perceptions of the…
The nature of statistics, statistical mechanics and consequently the thermodynamics of stochastic systems is largely determined by how the number of states $W(N)$ depends on the size $N$ of the system. Here we propose a scaling expansion of…
In the voter model, vertices of a graph (interpreted as voters) adopt one out of two opinions (0 and 1), and update their opinions at random times by copying the opinion of a neighbor chosen uniformly at random. This process is dual to a…
We investigate flow dynamics in rivers characterized by basin areas and daily mean discharge spanning different orders of magnitude. We show that the delayed increments evaluated at time scales ranging from days to months can be opportunely…