Related papers: Physical model for vaporization
It is shown that measured heat capacity depends on the rate of the temperature variation and on the initial state of a system. It is calculated here in the framework of two-level model. Fenomenological approach gives the same results.
Methane pyrolysis provides a scalable alternative to conventional hydrogen production methods, avoiding greenhouse gas emissions. However, high operating temperatures limit economic feasibility on an industrial scale. A major scientific…
We report on the implementation of a dynamical method for the determination -- in an extended temperature range around room temperature -- of the saturation vapor pressure and enthalpy of vaporization of low-volatility liquid substances.…
Internal energy, enthalpy and entropy are the key quantities to study thermodynamic properties of the moist atmosphere, because they correspond to the First (internal energy and enthalpy) and Second (entropy) Laws of thermodynamics. The aim…
We regularize the potential distribution framework to calculate the excess free energy of liquid water simulated with the BLYP-D density functional. The calculated free energy is in fair agreement with experiments but the excess internal…
During the Leidenfrost effect, a stable vapor film can separate a hot solid from an evaporating liquid. Eventually, after formation and upon cooling, the vapor layer cannot be sustained and undergoes a violent collapse evidenced by…
Heat capacity of matter is considered to be its most important property because it holds information about system's degrees of freedom as well as the regime in which the system operates, classical or quantum. Heat capacity is well…
The objective of this work is to investigate the coupling of fluid dynamics, heat transfer and mass transfer during the impact and evaporation of droplets on a heated solid substrate. A laser-based thermoreflectance method is used to…
We study the thermodynamical properties of Fermi vapors confined in a harmonic external potential. In the case of the ideal Fermi gas, we compare exact density profiles with their semiclassical approximation in the conditions of recent…
We present an embedding technique for metallic systems that makes it possible to model energy dissipation into substrate phonons during surface chemical reactions from first principles. The separation of chemical and elastic contributions…
Vapor bubbles are formed in liquids by two mechanisms: evaporation (temperature above the boiling threshold) and cavitation (pressure below the vapor pressure). The liquid resists in these metastable (overheating and tensile, respectively)…
The interface between a pure liquid and its vapor is usually close to saturation temperature, hence strongly hindering any thermocapillary flow. In contrast, when the gas phase contains an inert gas such as air, surface-tension-driven…
In this paper, we obtain an analytical expression for the vapor pressure of a paramagnetic solid for high temperatures. We have considered the behavior of magnetic materials in the presence of an external magnetic field using the…
Quantum effects in material systems are often pronounced at low energies and become insignificant at high temperatures. We find that, perhaps counterintuitively, certain quantum effects may follow the opposite route and become sharp when…
We examine the dependence of a thermodynamic potential of a fluid on the geometry of its container. If motion invariance, continuity, and additivity of the potential are fulfilled, only four morphometric measures are needed to describe…
Kinetic theory has long predicted that temperature inversion may happen in the vapor-phase for evaporation and condensation between two parallel plates, i.e., the vapor temperature at the condensation interface is higher than that at the…
We demonstrate that the presence of entanglement in macroscopic bodies (e.g. solids) in thermodynamical equilibrium could be revealed by measuring heat-capacity. The idea is that if the system were in a separable state, then for certain…
Present knowledge of the function of materials is largely based on studies (experimental and theoretical) that are performed at low temperatures and ultra-low pressures. However, the majority of everyday applications, like e.g. catalysis,…
Comparative evaporation rate testing in the absence of solar irradiation is a widely adopted method for establishing and characterizing a reduced vaporization enthalpy of water within an interfacial solar evaporator. However, the assumption…
We establish three partial differential equation models describing the thermodynamics of the fluid, by combining the energetic variational approach, appropriate constitutive relations, and classical thermodynamics laws. What is more, by…