Related papers: A strong factor for the reduction of inequality
We propose a highly schematic economic model in which, in some cases, wage inequalities lead to higher overall social welfare. This is due to the fact that high earners can consume low productivity, non essential products, which allows…
Binary kinetic exchange models, where money is shuffled between two agents at a time, reproduce the Boltzmann Gibbs exponential wealth distribution but cannot address the multi party trades common in real markets. We generalize the exchange…
Income inequality and redistribution policies are modeled with a minimal, endogenous model of a simple foraging economy. Significant income inequalities emerge from the model for populations of equally capable individuals presented with…
In the manuscript, we are interested in using kinetic theory to better understand the time evolution of wealth distribution and their large scale behavior such as the evolution of inequality (e.g. Gini index). We investigate three type of…
Discrimination via algorithmic decision making has received considerable attention. Prior work largely focuses on defining conditions for fairness, but does not define satisfactory measures of algorithmic unfairness. In this paper, we focus…
Inequalities may appear in many models. They can be as simple as assuming a parameter is nonnegative, possibly a regression coefficient or a treatment effect. This paper focuses on the case that there is only one inequality and proposes a…
We provide a survey of the Kolkata index of social inequality, focusing in particular on income inequality. Based on the observation that inequality functions (such as the Lorenz function), giving the measures of income or wealth against…
The Hoover index is a widely used measure of inequality with an intuitive interpretation, yet little is known about the finite-sample properties of its empirical estimator. In this paper, we derive a simple expression for the expected value…
Given a random variable $X$ and considered a family of its possible distortions, we define two new measures of distance between $X$ and each its distortion. For these distance measures, which are extensions of the Gini's mean difference,…
We consider a simple theoretical model to investigate the impact of inheritances on the wealth distribution. Wealth is described as a finite resource, which remains constant over different generations and is divided equally among offspring.…
In several recent works on infinite-dimensional systems of ODEs \cite{cao_derivation_2021,cao_explicit_2021,cao_iterative_2024,cao_sticky_2024}, which arise from the mean-field limit of agent-based models in economics and social sciences…
We present a model in which we investigate the structure and evolution of a random network that connects agents capable of exchanging wealth. Economic interactions between neighbors can occur only if the difference between their wealth is…
According to Benford's Law, many data sets have a bias towards lower leading digits (about $30\%$ are $1$'s). The applications of Benford's Law vary: from detecting tax, voter and image fraud to determining the possibility of match-fixing…
The appropriate discount rate for evaluating policies is a critical consideration in economic decision-making. This paper presents a new model for calculating the derived discount rate for a society that includes different groups with…
In this paper, we establish the stochastic ordering of the Gini indexes for multivariate elliptical risks which generalized the corresponding results for multivariate normal risks. It is shown that several conditions on dispersion matrices…
In this paper, we consider the global comparison problem of Gini means with fixed number of variables on a subinterval $I$ of $\mathbb{R}_+$, i.e., the following inequality \begin{align}\tag{$\star$}\label{ggcabs}…
The Gini score is a popular tool in statistical modeling and machine learning for model validation and model selection. It is a purely rank based score that allows one to assess risk rankings. The Gini score for statistical modeling has…
The study of fairness in intelligent decision systems has mostly ignored long-term influence on the underlying population. Yet fairness considerations (e.g. affirmative action) have often the implicit goal of achieving balance among groups…
How can we limit wealth disparities while stimulating economic flows in sustainable societies? To examine the link between these concepts, we propose an econophysics asset exchange model with the surplus stock of the wealthy. The wealthy…
Social inequalities are ubiquitous and evolve towards a universal limit. Herein, we extensively review the values of inequality measures, namely the Gini ($g$) index and the Kolkata ($k$) index, two standard measures of inequality used in…