Related papers: The Error in the Two Envelopes Paradox

To this day, the two-slit electron interference pattern remains shrouded in an inordinate mystery. It continues to defy a logical and rational explanation. This paper will postulate a new "characteristic" pertaining to the electron. If this…

I want to show situations in which causal relation of two events is entangled and similar to time paradox, without employing time machines. Such situations will be obtained in measurement by two measurement devices moving mutually.…

Multiple testing problems arise naturally in scientific studies because of the need to capture or convey more information with more variables. The literature is enormous, but the emphasis is primarily methodological, providing numerous…

The Sorites paradox is the name of a class of paradoxes that arise when vague predicates are considered. Vague predicates lack sharp boundaries in extension and is therefore not clear exactly when such predicates apply. Several approaches…

This paper provides a proof that Tennant's logical system entails a paradox that is called Core logic paradox, in reference to the new name given by Tennant to his intuitionistic relevant logic.

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox is resolved by reconsidering what entangled state is actually prepared, what physical quantities are conserved and the character of the correlation measurements employed.

This thesis presents the strong and weak forms of the Banach-Tarski paradox based on the Hausdorff paradox. It provides modernized proofs of the paradoxes and necessary properties of equidecomposable and paradoxical sets. The historical…

The Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser experiment is commonly interpreted as implying that in quantum mechanics a choice made at one time can influence an earlier event. We here suggest an extension of the experiment that results in a paradox…

In the paper, using the language of spin-half particles, Hardy's paradox is examined within different semantics: a partial one, a many-valued one, and one defined as a set of weak values of projection operators. As it is shown in this…

Some known relativistic paradoxes are reconsidered for closed spaces, using a simple geometric model. For two twins in a closed space, a real paradox seems to emerge when the traveling twin is moving uniformly along a geodesic and returns…

There are several versions of Bell's inequalities, proved in different contexts, using different sets of assumptions. The discussions of their experimental violation often disregard some required assumptions and use loose formulations of…

In this article, we give two different proofs of why the Collatz Conjecture is false.

This letter studies information-theoretic security without knowing the eavesdropper's channel fading state. We present an alternative secrecy outage formulation to measure the probability that message transmissions fail to achieve perfect…

Many writers have observed that default logics appear to contain the "lottery paradox" of probability theory. This arises when a default "proof by contradiction" lets us conclude that a typical X is not a Y where Y is an unusual subclass of…

In this article we describe special type of mathematical problems that may help develop teaching methods that motivate students to explore patterns, formulate conjectures and find solutions without only memorizing formulas and procedures.…

Common research tasks ask students to identify a correct answer and justify their answer choice. We propose expanding the array of research tasks to access different knowledge that students might have. By asking students to discuss answers…

This paper proposes a careful separation between an entity's epistemic system and their decision system. Crucially, Bayesian counterfactuals are estimated by the epistemic system; not by the decision system. Based on this remark, I prove…

Twins travelling at constant relative velocity will each see the other's time dilate leading to the apparent paradox that each twin believes the other ages more slowly. In a finite space, the twins can both be on inertial, periodic orbits…

We extend the closed graph theorem and the open mapping theorem to a context in which a natural duality interchanges their extensions.

Elections seem simple---aren't they just counting? But they have a unique, challenging combination of security and privacy requirements. The stakes are high; the context is adversarial; the electorate needs to be convinced that the results…