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If identical photons meet at a semi-transparent mirror they appear to leave in the same direction, an effect called "two-photon interference". It has been known for some time that this effect should occur for photons generated by dissimilar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-07 A. J. Bennett , R. B. Patel , C. A. Nicoll , D. A. Ritchie , A. J. Shields

Three-dimensional gravitational cloaking is known to require exotic matter and energy sources, which makes it arguably physically unrealizable. On the other hand, typical astronomical observations are performed using one-dimensional…

General Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Igor I. Smolyaninov

Defocus blur arises in images that are captured with a shallow depth of field due to the use of a wide aperture. Correcting defocus blur is challenging because the blur is spatially varying and difficult to estimate. We propose an effective…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-20 Abdullah Abuolaim , Michael S. Brown

Illusions are entertaining, but they are also a useful diagnostic tool in cognitive science, philosophy, and neuroscience. A typical illusion shows a gap between how something "really is" and how something "appears to be", and this gap…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-30 Tomer Ullman

We present an analytical description and an experimental realization of interscale mixing microscopy, a diffraction-based imaging technique that is capable of detecting wavelength/10 objects in far-field measurements with both coherent and…

In the present work we discuss a possibility to build an instrument with two operation modes - spectral and imaging ones. The key element of such instrument is a dispersive and filtering unit consisting of two narrowband volume-phase…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-16 Eduard R. Muslimov , Sergei N. Fabrika , Gennady G. Valyavin

Blind ptychography is a phase retrieval method using multiple coded diffraction patterns from different, overlapping parts of the unknown extended object illuminated with an unknown window function. The window function is also known as the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-04 Albert Fannjiang

Plasma lensing is the refraction of low-frequency electromagnetic rays due to cold free electrons in the universe. For sources at a cosmological distance, there is observational evidence of elongated, complex plasma structures along the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-22 Xinzhong Er , Jenny Wagner , Shude Mao

We cast diffraction-based interferometry in the framework of post-selected unitary description towards enabling it as a platform for quantum information processing. We express slit-diffraction as an infinite-dimensional transformation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-17 Simanraj Sadana , Barry C. Sanders , Urbasi Sinha

Scene inference under low-light is a challenging problem due to severe noise in the captured images. One way to reduce noise is to use longer exposure during the capture. However, in the presence of motion (scene or camera motion), longer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Bhavya Goyal , Jean-François Lalonde , Yin Li , Mohit Gupta

Optical tweezers, formed by tightly focused propagating laser beams, offer the unique capability to trap and control microscopic particles over a broad size range. However, the diffraction inherent to propagating optical fields, limits the…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-29 Evgenii E. Narimanov

In the cold dark matter scenario, dark matter halos are assembled hierarchically from smaller subunits. Some of these subunits are disrupted during the merging process, whereas others survive temporarily in the form of subhalos. A…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. Zackrisson , T. Riehm

The photon spin is an important resource for quantum information processing as is the electron spin in spintronics. However, for subwavelength confined optical excitations, polarization as a global property of a mode cannot be defined.…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-11 Enno Krauss , Gary Razinskas , Dominik Köck , Swen Grossmann , Bert Hecht

Spectral imaging enables the analysis of optical material properties that are invisible to the human eye. Different spectral capturing setups, e.g., based on filter-wheel, push-broom, line-scanning, or mosaic cameras, have been introduced…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Eric L. Wisotzky , Jost Triller , Anna Hilsmann , Peter Eisert

Fourier ptychographic (FP) microscope is a coherent imaging method that can synthesize an image with a higher bandwidth using multiple low-bandwidth images captured at different spatial frequency regions. The method's demand for multiple…

Optics · Physics 2016-03-25 Jaebum Chung , Hangwen Lu , Xiaoze Ou , Haojiang Zhou , Changhuei Yang

In this work, we propose using camera arrays coupled with coherent illumination as an effective method of improving spatial resolution in long distance images by a factor of ten and beyond. Recent advances in ptychography have demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-29 Jason Holloway , M. Salman Asif , Manoj Kumar Sharma , Nathan Matsuda , Roarke Horstmeyer , Oliver Cossairt , Ashok Veeraraghavan

When used with coherent light, optical imaging systems, even diffraction-limited, are inherently unable to reproduce both the amplitude and the phase of a two-dimensional field distribution because their impulse response function varies…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Brainis , C. Muldoon , L. Brandt , A. Kuhn

Based on electromagnetic and acoustic transformation theory, a new strategy has been presented in this article to implement double invisibility cloaking, which has not been done yet. By applying a combination of four conventional cloaking…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-12-02 Hasanpour Tadi Saeed , Shokri Babak

2D convolution is a staple of digital image processing. The advent of large format imagers makes it possible to literally ``pave'' with silicon the focal plane of an optical sensor, which results in very large images that can require a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-26 Jeremy Kepner

Light projection is a powerful technique to edit appearances of objects in the real world. Based on pixel-wise modification of light transport, previous techniques have successfully modified static surface properties such as surface color,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Takahiro Kawabe , Taiki Fukiage , Masataka Sawayama , Shin'ya Nishida