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We live in a world brimming with uncertainty, where we constantly have to make a lot of decisions under incomplete information. We are firm believers that our subjective belief cannot be computed by rigorous mathematical formula; instead…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-02-08 Lizhi Xin , Kevin Xin , Houwen Xin

According to the subjective Bayesian interpretation of quantum theory (QBism), quantum mechanics is a tool that an agent would be wise to use when making bets about natural phenomena. In particular, the Born rule is understood to be a…

We propose a formalism to model and reason about multi-agent systems. We allow agents to interact and communicate in different modes so that they can pursue joint tasks; agents may dynamically synchronize, exchange data, adapt their…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Yehia Abd Alrahman , Giuseppe Perelli , Nir Piterman

We develop a tool akin to the revelation principle for dynamic mechanism-selection games in which the designer can only commit to short-term mechanisms. We identify a canonical class of mechanisms rich enough to replicate the outcomes of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-12-13 Laura Doval , Vasiliki Skreta

Agents care not only about the outcomes of collective decisions but also about how decisions are made. In many cases, both the outcome and the procedure affect whether agents see a decision as legitimate, justifiable, or acceptable. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Ben Abramowitz , Nicholas Mattei

In this paper, we investigate the probabilistic variants of the strategy logics ATL and ATL* under imperfect information. Specifically, we present novel decidability and complexity results when the model transitions are stochastic and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Francesco Belardinelli , Wojciech Jamroga , Munyque Mittelmann , Aniello Murano

In this paper, we discuss the passage to hydrodynamic equations for kinetic models of opinion formation. The considered kinetic models feature an opinion density depending on an additional microscopic variable, identified with the personal…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-20 Lorenzo Pareschi , Giuseppe Toscani , Andrea Tosin , Mattia Zanella

Time-inconsistency is a characteristic of human behavior in which people plan for long-term benefits but take actions that differ from the plan due to conflicts with short-term benefits. Such time-inconsistent behavior is believed to be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Yasunori Akagi , Naoki Marumo , Takeshi Kurashima

It has been suggested, on the one hand, that quantum states are just states of knowledge; and, on the other, that quantum theory is merely a theory of correlations. These suggestions are confronted with problems about the nature of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Matthew J. Donald

We consider a model for decision making based on an adaptive, k-period, learning process where the priors are selected according to Von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility principle. A preference relation between two prospects is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-02-18 Misha Perepelitsa

In mechanism design theory, agents' types are described as their private information, and the designer may reveal some public information to affect agents' types in order to obtain more payoffs. Traditionally, each agent's private type and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-12-20 Haoyang Wu

Two main procedures characterize the way in which social actors evaluate the qualities of the options in decision-making processes: they either seek to evaluate their intrinsic qualities (individual learners), or they rely on the opinion of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-31 Arkadiusz Jędrzejewski , Laura Hernández

We study a simple example of a sequential game illustrating problems connected with making rational decisions that are universal for social sciences. The set of chooser's optimal decisions that manifest his preferences in case of a constant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Edward W. Piotrowski , Marcin Makowski

We consider an analyst whose goal is to identify a subject's utility function through revealed preference analysis. We argue the analyst's preference about which experiments to run should adhere to three normative principles: The first,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-11-19 Fernando Payró , Evan Piermont

We propose a formalism to model and reason about reconfigurable multi-agent systems. In our formalism, agents interact and communicate in different modes so that they can pursue joint tasks; agents may dynamically synchronize, exchange…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Yehia Abd Alrahman , Nir Piterman

We present in an informal way some recent results concerning a possible overlapping between classical unpredictability and quantum indeterminism.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-29 Thierry Paul

We revisit the role of instrumental value as a driver of adaptive behavior. In active inference, instrumental or extrinsic value is quantified by the information-theoretic surprisal of a set of observations measuring the extent to which…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-14 Alvaro Ovalle , Simon M. Lucas

Probability densities that are not uniquely determined by their moments are said to be "moment-indeterminate", or "M-indeterminate". Determining whether or not a density is M-indeterminate, or how to generate an M-indeterminate density, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Rafael Sala Mayato , Patrick Loughlin , Leon Cohen

Principled accountability for autonomous decision-making in uncertain environments requires distinguishing intentional outcomes from negligent designs from actual accidents. We propose analyzing the behavior of autonomous agents through a…

Kinetic equations play a major rule in modeling large systems of interacting particles. Recently the legacy of classical kinetic theory found novel applications in socio-economic and life sciences, where processes characterized by large…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-26 Giacomo Dimarco , Lorenzo Pareschi , Mattia Zanella