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Einstein's special theory of relativity starts with assumptions about how observations conducted in relatively moving inertial frames must compare. From these assumptions, conclusions can be drawn regarding the laws of physics in any one…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-07-14 Allan Walstad

Einstein initially objected to the probabilistic aspect of quantum mechanics - the idea that God is playing at dice. Later he changed his ground, and focussed instead on the point that the Copenhagen Interpretation leads to what Einstein…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 D. M. Appleby

In this contribution to the conference "Beyond Einstein: Historical Perspectives on Geometry, Gravitation and Cosmology in the Twentieth Century", we give a critical status report of attempts to explain the late accelerated expansion of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-10-02 Norbert Straumann

Was Einstein wrong? This paper provides a detailed technical review of Einstein's special and general relativity from an astrophysical perspective, including the historical development of the theories, experimental tests, modern…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-05-11 Flora Lopis , Max Tegmark

In December 1911, Max Abraham published a paper on gravitation at the basis of which was Albert Einstein's 1911 June conclusion about a relationship between the velocity of light and the gravitational potential. In February 1912, Einstein…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-02-14 Galina Weinstein

A panoramic view, preceded by a short background of Newtonian mechanics and Maxwellian electrodynamics, is offered on the extent of how Einstein's space-time geometry, believed to be central to an understanding of the structure of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. N. Mitra

This paper has been withdrawn by the author after further work showed the proposed theoretical approach cannot fit planetary perihelion precession data. As presented, the theory doesn't fit gravitational light deflection by the sun either,…

General Physics · Physics 2014-03-28 Steven Kenneth Kauffmann

We present a translation and analysis of a cosmic model published by Einstein in 1931. The paper, which is not widely known, features a model of a universe that undergoes an expansion followed by a contraction, quite different to his static…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-07-07 C. O'Raifeartaigh , B. McCann

Most early twentieth century relativists --- Lorentz, Einstein, Eddington, for examples --- claimed that general relativity was merely a theory of the aether. We shall confirm this claim by deriving the Einstein equations using aether…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-19 Maurice J. Dupre , Frank J. Tipler

This paper reconstructs the derivations underlying the kinematical part of Einstein's 1905 special relativity paper, emphasizing their operational clarity and minimalist use of mathematics. Einstein employed modest tools-algebraic…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Galina Weinstein

Up to now, Einstein's general theory of relativity has passed all experimental tests. But yet we know that it is not a fundamental theory and that it is incompatible with quantum theory. While several extended and improved gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-28 Michael Florian Wondrak , Marcus Bleicher , Piero Nicolini

Einstein's contribution to relativity is reviewed. It is pointed out that Weyl gave first unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism and it was different than the five dimensional theory of Kaluza. Einstein began his work on…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-06 S C Tiwari

In 1930 Einstein argued against consistency of the time-energy uncertainty relation by discussing a thought experiment involving a measurement of mass of the box which emitted a photon. Bohr seemingly triumphed over Einstein by arguing that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 H. Nikolic

Albert Einstein's practice in physics and his philosophical positions gradually reoriented themselves from more empiricist towards rationalist viewpoints. This change accompanied his turn towards unified field theory and different…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 Jeroen van Dongen

This remodeled form of Einstein's relativity theories retains and incorporates only experimentally proven principles. It is based on a generalized law for spinning and rotational motions, which is in fact the conservation law of momentum…

General Physics · Physics 2009-04-02 Abhijit Biswas , Krishnan RS Mani

It took eight years after Einstein announced the basic physical ideas behind the relativistic gravity theory before the proper mathematical formulation of general relativity was mastered. The efforts of the greatest physicist and of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ivan T. Todorov

I argue that Einstein overlooked an important aspect of the relativity of time in never quite realizing his quest to embody Mach's principle in his theory of gravity. As a step towards that goal, I broaden the Strong Equivalence Principle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-21 David L. Wiltshire

Einstein's biographer Albrecht F\"olsing explained: Einstein presented his field equations on November 25, 1915, but six days earlier, on November 20, Hilbert had derived the identical field equations for which Einstein had been searching…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-12-12 Galina Weinstein

Between 1905 and 1907, Einstein first tried to extend the special theory of relativity in such a way so as to explain gravitational phenomena. This was the most natural and simplest path to be taken. These investigations did not fit in with…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-08-28 Galina Weinstein

Einstein's general theory of relativity is the standard theory of gravity, especially where the needs of astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics are concerned. As such, this theory is used for many practical purposes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-17 Slava G. Turyshev