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The dynamic behavior of a multiagent system in which the agent size $s_{i}$ is variable it is studied along a Lotka-Volterra approach. The agent size has hereby for meaning the fraction of a given market that an agent is able to capture…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2012-09-04 L. F. Caram , C. F. Caiafa , A. N. Proto , M. Ausloos

Human languages have evolved to be structured through repeated language learning and use. These processes introduce biases that operate during language acquisition and shape linguistic systems toward communicative efficiency. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Tom Kouwenhoven , Max Peeperkorn , Tessa Verhoef

During the last decade, much attention has been paid to language competition in the complex systems community, that is, how the fractions of speakers of several competing languages evolve in time. In this paper we review recent advances in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-06-15 M. Patriarca , X. Castelló , J. R. Uriarte , V. M. Eguíluz , M. San Miguel

Recent progress in language modeling has largely relied on scaling model size, yet larger models do not reliably improve performance on tasks requiring multi-step reasoning and tool use. Multi-agent collaboration offers a potential…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Agata Żywot , Xinyi Chen , Yifei Yuan , Anders Søgaard , Maarten de Rijke

An in-depth analytic study of a model of language dynamics is presented: a model which tackles the problem of the coexistence of two languages within a closed community of speakers taking into account bilingualism and incorporating a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-02-19 Victoria Otero-Espinar , Luís F. Seoane , Juan J. Nieto , Jorge Mira

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing but exhibit limitations, particularly in autonomously addressing novel challenges such as reasoning and problem-solving. Traditional techniques like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sumedh Rasal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly demonstrated the ability to facilitate the development of multi-agent systems that allow the interpretation of thoughts and actions generated by each individual. Promising advancements have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Asher Sprigler , Alexander Drobek , Keagan Weinstock , Wendpanga Tapsoba , Gavin Childress , Andy Dao , Lucas Gral

This paper presents a realistic simulated stock market where large language models (LLMs) act as heterogeneous competing trading agents. The open-source framework incorporates a persistent order book with market and limit orders, partial…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-16 Alejandro Lopez-Lira

We relax the constraint of a shared language between agents in a semantic and goal-oriented communication system to explore the effect of language mismatch in distributed task solving. We propose a mathematical framework, which provides a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Tomás Hüttebräucker , Mohamed Sana , Emilio Calvanese Strinati

Language Model Agents (LMAs) are emerging as a powerful primitive for augmenting red-team operations. They can support attack planning, adversary emulation, and the orchestration of multi-step activity such as lateral movement, a core…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Mohammad Mamun , Mohamed Gaber , Scott Buffett , Sherif Saad

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

We introduce \textsc{Cattle Trade, a multi-agent benchmark for evaluating large language models (LLMs) as agents in strategic reasoning under imperfect information, adversarial interaction, and resource constraints. The benchmark combines…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Robert Müller , Clemens Müller

With growing capabilities of large language models (LLMs) comes growing affordances for human-like and context-aware conversational partners. On from this, some recent work has investigated the use of LLMs to simulate multiple…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Samuel Rhys Cox

To improve the reasoning and question-answering capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), several multi-agent approaches have been introduced. While these methods enhance performance, the application of collective intelligence-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ciaran Regan , Alexandre Gournail , Mizuki Oka

Multi-agent systems with smaller language models (SLMs) present a viable alternative to single agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) for addressing complex problems. In this work, we study how these alternatives compare in…

The rapid advancement of large language models has opened new avenues for automating complex problem-solving tasks such as algorithmic coding and competitive programming. This paper introduces a novel evaluation technique, LLM-ProS, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Md Sifat Hossain , Anika Tabassum , Md. Fahim Arefin , Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Entity relationship classification remains a challenging task in information extraction, especially in scenarios with limited labeled data and complex relational structures. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of three distinct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Maryam Berijanian , Kuldeep Singh , Amin Sehati

Flocking is a behavior where multiple agents in a system attempt to stay close to each other while avoiding collision and maintaining a desired formation. This is observed in the natural world and has applications in robotics, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Peihan Li , Vishnu Menon , Bhavanaraj Gudiguntla , Daniel Ting , Lifeng Zhou

Recent computer simulations of the competition between thousands of languages are reviewed, and some new results on language families and language similarities are presented.

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Stauffer , C. Schulze , S. Wichmann

We attempt to solve the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) Challenge using Large Language Models (LLMs) as a system of multiple expert agents. Using the flexibility of LLMs to be prompted to do various novel tasks using zero-shot,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-10 John Chong Min Tan , Mehul Motani