Related papers: Possible correlation between cosmic ray variation …
Cosmic rays, originating from stars, supernovae, and other astrophysical sources, are composed of high-energy particles that enter Earths atmosphere. Upon interaction with atmospheric nuclei, these primary cosmic rays generate secondary…
The recent observations of muon charge ratio up to about 10 TeV and of atmospheric neutrinos up to energies of about 400 TeV has triggered a renewed interest into the high-energy interaction models and cosmic ray primary composition. A…
The atmosphere is an intrinsic part of any ground based Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope, and the telescope response is therefore sensitive to unpredictable changes in the atmospheric transparency which are difficult to measure and interpret…
In the last few years, interest in radio detection of cosmic ray air showers has risen continuously. By now, large-scale application of the radio technique is under investigation in the framework of LOFAR and the Pierre Auger Observatory.…
Neutron monitors are a standard tool for high-precision continuous monitoring of galactic cosmic ray flux variations arising from variations in heliospheric conditions and solar activity for space weather applications. These measurements…
The composition in terms of nuclear species of the primary cosmic ray flux is largely uncertain in the knee region and above, where only indirect measurements are available. The predicted fluxes of high-energy leptons from cosmic ray air…
We report in this letter for the first time the numerical simulations of muon and neutron flux variations at the surface of the earth with varying air densities in the troposphere and stratosphere. The simulated neutron and muon flux…
Atmospheric neutrinos (ATNs) offer a paradigm for understanding neutrino properties, while it is critical to quantify uncertainties in flux modeling. Since ATNs are produced simultaneously with cosmic ray muons, precision measurements of…
Future experiments based on the observation of Earth's atmosphere from sub-orbital and orbital altitudes plan to include optical Cherenkov cameras to observe extensive air showers produced by high-energy cosmic radiation via its interaction…
The hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of a number of properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. By comparing these measurements to predictions from air shower…
The status of present theoretical description of very high energy hadronic interactions is reviewed. The impact of new results of accelerator and cosmic ray experiments on hadronic interaction model constructions is discussed in detail.…
After a prolonged and deep solar minimum at the end of Cycle 23, the current Solar Cycle 24 is one of the lowest cycles. These two periods of deep minimum and mini maximum are separated by a period of increasing solar activity. We study the…
A priori, cosmic-ray measurements offer a unique capability to determine the vertical profile of atmospheric temperatures directly from ground. However, despite the increased understanding of the impact of the atmosphere on cosmic-ray…
The transport of the nuclear cosmic ray flux in the atmosphere is studied and the atmospheric corrections to be applied to the measurements are calculated. The contribution of the calculated corrections to the accuracy of the experimental…
Muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere provide a high-statistics source of particles that can be used to study the performance and calibration of the ATLAS detector. Cosmic-ray muons can penetrate to the cavern and deposit…
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory with its 1-km^3 in-ice detector and the 1-km^2 surface detector (IceTop) constitutes a three-dimensional cosmic ray detector well suited for general cosmic ray physics. Various measurements of cosmic ray…
Cosmic rays produce molecular cluster ions as they pass through the lower atmosphere. Neutral molecular clusters such as dimers and complexes are expected to make a small contribution to the radiative balance, but atmospheric absorption by…
In recent years the possibility of measuring the temporal change of radial and transverse position of sources in the sky in real time have become conceivable thanks to the thoroughly improved technique applied to new astrometric and…
The solar modulation effect of Galactic cosmic rays is a time-dependent phenomenon that is caused by the transport of these particles through the magnetized plasma of the heliosphere. Using a data-driven model of cosmic-ray transport in the…
Simulating the irradiation of planetary atmospheres by cosmic ray particles requires, among others, the ability to understand and to quantify the interactions of charged particles with planetary magnetic fields. Here we present a process…