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We propose a simple nonlinear observer for estimating the attitude and velocity of a rigid body from the measurements of specific acceleration, angular velocity, magnetic field (in body axes), and linear velocity (in body axes). It is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-29 Philippe Martin , Ioannis Sarras , Minh-Duc Hua , Tarek Hamel

In this work, we use real quaternions and the basic concept of the final speed of light in an attempt to enhance the standard description of special relativity. First, we demonstrate that it is possible to introduce a quaternion time domain…

General Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 Viktor Ariel

We investigate the possible structures of numbers (as physical quantities) over which accelerated observers can be modeled in special relativity. We present a general axiomatic theory of accelerated observers which has a model over every…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-10-10 Gergely Székely

The description of an observer's measurement in general relativity and the standard model of particle physics is closely related to the spacetime metric. In order to understand and interpret measurements, which test the metric structure of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-27 Norman Gürlebeck , Christian Pfeifer

The theory of special relativity can be generalized by means of a new principle called Conservation of Information. This allows a derivation of the constancy of the velocity of light with respect to moving frames, and, consequently, of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-02-05 C. Pombo , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Physical foundations for relativistic spacetimes are revisited, in order to check at what extent Finsler spacetimes lie in their framework. Arguments based on inertial observers (as in the foundations of Special Relativity and Classical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-21 Antonio Bernal , Miguel Ángel Javaloyes , Miguel Sánchez

A new look at the so-called effect of an accelerating matter is presented. It was previously stated that the effect is optical in nature and consists in changing the frequency of the wave passing through a refractive sample moving with…

General Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 A. I. Frank

The general misconception regarding velocity measurements of a test particle as it approaches black hole is addressed by introducing generalized observer set. For a general static spherically symmetric metric applicable to both Einstein and…

General Physics · Physics 2013-10-01 Sumanta Chakraborty

We take causality and uniqueness of events observation as our driving forces. They are built in in the way we define distinct observers, which then require a finite time to communicate between each other. This unavoidably leads to the…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Antonio Pineda

The `observer space' of a Lorentzian spacetime is the space of future-timelike unit tangent vectors. Using Cartan geometry, we first study the structure a given spacetime induces on its observer space, then use this to define abstract…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-08 Steffen Gielen , Derek K. Wise

We try to lay down the foundations of a Newtonian theory where inertia and gravitational fields appear in a unified way aiming to reach a better understanding of the general relativistic theory. We also formulate a kind of equivalence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-11 Xavier Jaén , Alfred Molina

The Equivalence Principle (EP) is at the heart of General Relativity (GR), tested in many aspects. It is often used to discuss qualitatively the influence of gravity on physical phenomena. But can this be made more precise? We compare clock…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-29 Peter C. Aichelburg

Gravitation, according to General Relativity, is an attribute of space-time's geometry and hence not a force in the Newtonian sense. This is a consequence of Einstein's equivalence principle, which so far passed all experimental tests with…

Popular Physics · Physics 2013-09-10 Domenico Giulini

We present the theory of special relativity here through the lens of differential geometry. In particular, we explicitly avoid any reference to hypotheses of the form "The laws of physics take the same form in all inertial reference frames"…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Amitabh Basu

Riemann's principle "force equals geometry" provided the basis for Einstein's General Relativity - the geometric theory of gravitation. In this paper, we follow this principle to derive the dynamics for any static, conservative force. The…

General Physics · Physics 2019-12-19 Y. Friedman , T. Scarr , J. Steiner

The work argues the principle of equivalence to be a theorem and not a principle (in a sense of an axiom). It contains a detailed analysis of the concepts of normal and inertial frame of reference. The equivalence principle is proved to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Bozhidar Z. Iliev

The notion of observers' and their measurements is closely tied to the Lorentzian metric geometry of spacetime, which in turn has its roots in the symmetries of Maxwell's theory of electrodynamics. Modifying either the one, the other, or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-12 Christian Pfeifer

We consider a certain extension of the Einstein's elevator thought experiment by assuming that the elevator is charged and falls into an electromagnetic field. We argue, on grounds of the Equivalence Principle, that an observer-dependent…

General Physics · Physics 2018-02-20 Maciej Trzetrzelewski

The equivalence principle postulates a frame. This implies globally special and locally general relativity. It is proposed here that spacetime emerges from the gauge potential of translations, whilst the Lorenz symmetry is gauged into the…

General Physics · Physics 2015-11-06 Tomi S. Koivisto

We study the effect of large acceleration of an uniformly accelerated frame on the validity of weak equivalence principle. Specifically we demonstrate how the behaviour of free quantum particle, as observed by an observer with large uniform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-08 Sukanta Bhattacharyya , Sunandan Gangopadhyay , Anirban Saha