Related papers: The Measurement of AM noise of Oscillators
Amplification is usually necessary when measuring the frequency instability of microwave signals. In this work, we develop a flicker noise free frequency measurement system based on a common or shared amplifier. First, we show that…
Based on the principles of microwave circuit interferometry we have constructed a Reduced Noise Amplifier (RNA) with power spectral density of phase, as well as amplitude, fluctuations close to -170 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset. The RNA has been…
We analyze the phase-noise measurement methods in which correlation and averaging is used to reject the background noise of the instrument. All the known methods make use of a mixer, used either as a saturated phase detector or as a linear…
An experimental study of amplitude modulation and phase modulation noise spectra in cascaded amplifiers was carried out as a function of the number of amplification stages and the input power. Flicker and white noise contributions were…
Understanding the amplifier phase noise is a critical issue in numerous fields of engineering and physics, like oscillators, frequency synthesis, telecommunications, radars, spectroscopy, in the emerging domain of microwave photonics, and…
The measurement of the close-to-the-carrier noise of rf and microwave devices is a relevant issue in time and frequency metrology and in some fields of electronics, physics and optics. While phase noise is the main concern, amplitude noise…
When measuring quadratic values representative of random fluctuations, such as the thermal noise of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) cantilevers, the background measurement noise cannot be averaged to zero. We present a signal processing…
Advances in nanomechanics within recent years have demonstrated an always expanding range of devices, from top-down structures to appealing bottom-up MoS$_2$ and graphene membranes, used for both sensing and component-oriented applications.…
The resolution of low-frequency resistance noise measurements can be increased by amplitude modulation, shifting the spectrum of the resistance fluctuations away from the 1/f noise contributed by measurement instruments. However, commercial…
The microwave signal at the output of a photodiode that detects a modulated optical beam contains the phase noise phi(t) and the amplitude noise alpha(t) of the detector. Beside the white noise, which is well understood, the spectral…
As a consequence of a general trend in the physics of oscillators and clocks towards optics, phase and frequency metrology is rapidly moving to optics too. Yet, optics is not replacing the traditional radio-frequency (RF) and microwave…
We measure oscillator phase from the zero crossings of the voltage vs. time waveform of a spin torque nanocontact oscillating in a vortex mode. The power spectrum of the phase noise varies with Fourier frequency $f$ as $1/f^2$, consistent…
This article proposes a method for the measurement of Phase Noise (PN, or PM noise) and Amplitude Noise (AN, or AM noise) of Digital-to-Analog Converters (DAC) and Direct Digital Synthesizers (DDS) based on modulation-index amplification.…
We report on a noise measurement system with the highest spectral resolution ever achieved in the microwave domain. It is capable of detecting the phase fluctuations of $rms$ amplitude of $2\times10^{-11} rad/\sqrt{Hz}$ at Fourier…
Quantum mechanics can strongly influence the noise properties of mesoscopic devices. To probe this effect we have measured the current fluctuations at high-frequency (5-90G Hz) using a superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunnel junction…
The presence of critical resonances in microwave power amplifiers has a negative impact on its behavior and performance. These critical resonances are usually predicted from pole-zero stability simulations. In this paper, a different and…
Slow noise processes, with characteristic timescales ~1s, have been studied in planar superconducting resonators. A frequency locked loop is employed to track deviations of the resonator centre frequency with high precision and bandwidth.…
We present measurements of 1/f frequency noise in both linear and Josephson-junction-embedded superconducting aluminum resonators in the low power, low temperature regime - typical operating conditions for superconducting qubits. The…
We introduce a novel measurement method for the phase noise measurement of optical amplifiers, topologically similar to the Heterodyne Mach-Zehnder Interferometer but governed by different principles, and we report on the measurement of a…
We measure the power spectral density of frequency fluctuations in nanocontact spin torque oscillators over time scales up to 50 ms. We use a mixer to convert oscillator signals ranging from 10 GHz to 40 GHz into a band near 70 MHz before…