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The confrontation between General Relativity and experimental results, notably binary pulsar data, is summarized and its significance discussed. The agreement between experiment and theory is numerically very impressive. However, some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Damour

Planck's introduction of the quantum of action in 1900 was followed by 25 years of trial and error in quest of the understanding of the quantum world; different ideas and directions had to be pursued until the path leading to the elementary…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Herbert Capellmann

Einstein's theory of general relativity was proposed over 100 years ago and has successfully passed a large number of observational tests in the weak field regime. However, the strong field regime is largely unexplored, and there are many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-12 Cosimo Bambi , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Zheng Cao , Honghui Liu , Sourabh Nampalliwar , Ashutosh Tripathi , Jingyi Wang-Ji , Yerong Xu

The main purpose of this article is to provide a guide to theorems on global properties of solutions to the Einstein--Vlasov system. This system couples Einstein's equations to a kinetic matter model. Kinetic theory has been an important…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Håkan Andréasson

This paper examines Schwarzschild's key contributions to general relativity through his two papers. It focuses on his method for developing exterior and interior solutions. The study emphasizes Schwarzschild's ingenious methods and the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Galina Weinstein

The theory of special relativity can be generalized by means of a new principle called Conservation of Information. This allows a derivation of the constancy of the velocity of light with respect to moving frames, and, consequently, of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-02-05 C. Pombo , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Albert Einstein visited Spain only once, precisely one hundred years ago. The circumstances, of a very different kind, of this visit will be explained here. In special, some important events happened to Einstein during that period, which,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Emilio Elizalde

I discuss Albert Einstein's 1916 General Theory of Relativity. I show that in Einstein's 1916 review paper, "the Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity", he derived his November 25, 1915 field equations with an additional term on…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-01-26 Galina Weinstein

Einstein's theory of general relativity (GR) provides the best available description of gravity. The recent detection of gravitational waves and the first picture of a black hole have provided spectacular confirmations of GR, as well as…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-08-26 Jorge Pinochet

I discuss Albert Einstein's 1914 review paper, "The Formal Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" from two points of view: the main elements in the paper that appear to have led to the downfall of the Einstein-Grossman theory; and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-01-26 Galina Weinstein

This short exposition starts with a brief discussion of situation before the completion of special relativity (Le Verrier's discovery of the Mercury perihelion advance anomaly, Michelson-Morley experiment, E\"otv\"os experiment, Newcomb's…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Wei-Tou Ni

Jean-Marc Ginoux's recent book, "Poincar\'e, Einstein and the Discovery of Special Relativity: An End to the Controversy" (2024), seeks to close the debate over the respective roles of Poincar\'e and Einstein. Yet what is presented as an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Galina Weinstein

The cosmological constant was proposed 100 years ago in order to make the model of static Universe, imagined then by most scientists, possible. Today it is the main candidate for the physical essence causing the observed accelerated…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Bohdan Novosyadlyj

The Einstein-First project approaches the teaching of Einsteinian physics through the use of physical models and analogies. This paper presents an approach to the teaching of quantum physics which begins by emphasising the particle-nature…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-10-11 Tejinder Kaur , David Blair , John Moschilla , Marjan Zadnik

We briefly review a few aspects of the development of differential geometry which may be considered as being influenced by Einstein's general relativity. We focus on how Einstein's quest for a complete geometrization of matter and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 C. Romero , F. Dahia

Henri Poincare's work on mathematical features of the Lorentz transformations was an important precursor to the development of special relativity. In this paper I compare the approaches taken by Poincare and Einstein, aiming to come to an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2011-12-15 Emily Adlam

The physics that underpins modern technology is based on Einstein's theories of relativity and quantum mechanics. Most school students complete their compulsory science education without being taught any of these Einsteinian concepts. Only…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-08-11 Kyla Adams , Roshan Dattatri , Tejinder Kaur , David Blair

This article surveys some of the highlights in the development of string theory through the first superstring revolution in 1984. The emphasis is on topics in which the author was involved, especially the observation that critical string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-03 John H. Schwarz

Albert Einstein's practice in physics and his philosophical positions gradually reoriented themselves from more empiricist towards rationalist viewpoints. This change accompanied his turn towards unified field theory and different…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 Jeroen van Dongen

The demand to obtain answers to highly complex problems within strong-field gravity has been met with significant progress in the numerical solution of Einstein's equations - along with some spectacular results - in various setups. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-11-11 Vitor Cardoso , Leonardo Gualtieri , Carlos Herdeiro , Ulrich Sperhake