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Asking questions is one of the most crucial pedagogical techniques used by teachers in class. It not only offers open-ended discussions between teachers and students to exchange ideas but also provokes deeper student thought and critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Gale Yan Huang , Jiahao Chen , Haochen Liu , Weiping Fu , Wenbiao Ding , Jiliang Tang , Songfan Yang , Guoliang Li , Zitao Liu

Science communication skills are considered essential learning objectives for undergraduate physics students. However, high enrollment and limited class resources present significant barriers to providing students ample opportunities to…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-09-17 Steven W. Tarr , Emily Alicea-Muñoz

Problem solving is central to physics instruction. Results from Physics Education Research (PER), however, demonstrate that traditional ways of teaching with problem solving are inefficient and ineffective for promoting true physics…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 William J. Gerace , Ian D. Beatty

Traditionally, scholars in physics education research pay attention to students solving well-structured learning activities, which provide restricted room for collaboration and idea-generation due to their close-ended nature. In order to…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-03-31 Javier Pulgar , Alexis Spina , Carlos Ríos

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS) actively elicit user preferences to generate adaptive recommendations. Mainstream reinforcement learning-based CRS solutions heavily rely on handcrafted reward functions, which may not be aligned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Zhendong Chu , Nan Wang , Hongning Wang

Deep reinforcement learning has been recognized as an efficient technique to design optimal strategies for different complex systems without prior knowledge of the control landscape. To achieve a fast and precise control for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Hailan Ma , Daoyi Dong , Steven X. Ding , Chunlin Chen

With the introduction of educational robotics (ER) and computational thinking (CT) in classrooms, there is a rising need for operational models that help ensure that CT skills are adequately developed. One such model is the Creative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Morgane Chevalier , Laila El-Hamamsy , Christian Giang , Barbara Bruno , Francesco Mondada

Teaching Robotics is about empowering students to create and configure robotics devices and program computers to nurture in students the skill sets necessary to play an active role in society. The robot in Figure 1 focuses on the design of…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-02-05 Dennis Toh , Ravintharan , Matthew Lim , Loo Kang Wee , Matthew Ong

Our main goal is to develop plans to increase physics enrollment. Once again we thoroughly analyze the problem from the beginning and reach the conclusion that the most appropriate starting point in this direction should be to look into…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Samina S. Masood

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) aim to recommend suitable items to users through natural language conversations. For developing effective CRSs, a major technical issue is how to accurately infer user preference from very limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Yuanhang Zhou , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Cheng Wang , Peng Jiang , He Hu

Automated methods are becoming increasingly integrated into studies of formative feedback on students' science explanation writing. Most of this work, however, addresses students' responses to short answer questions. We investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Mahsa Sheikhi Karizaki , Dana Gnesdilow , Sadhana Puntambekar , Rebecca J. Passonneau

Controllable text generation (CTG) by large language models has a huge potential to transform education for teachers and students alike. Specifically, high quality and diverse question generation can dramatically reduce the load on teachers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Sabina Elkins , Ekaterina Kochmar , Jackie C. K. Cheung , Iulian Serban

Effective physics learning, especially in complex topics, requires balancing mathematical formalism with conceptual understanding. Conceptual problem-solving involves connecting math to physical reality, and using an epistemological…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-11-24 Matteo Tuveri , Andrea Pierfrancesco Sanna , Mariano Cadoni

NLP-powered automatic question generation (QG) techniques carry great pedagogical potential of saving educators' time and benefiting student learning. Yet, QG systems have not been widely adopted in classrooms to date. In this work, we aim…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Xu Wang , Simin Fan , Jessica Houghton , Lu Wang

Reward functions are central in reinforcement learning (RL), guiding agents towards optimal decision-making. The complexity of RL tasks requires meticulously designed reward functions that effectively drive learning while avoiding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Rati Devidze

Smart Reply (SR) systems present a user with a set of replies, of which one can be selected in place of having to type out a response. To perform well at this task, a system should be able to effectively present the user with a diverse set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Benjamin Towle , Ke Zhou

Reasoning large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks, which has drawn significant attention to reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs. However, existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mengqi Liao , Xiangyu Xi , Ruinian Chen , Jia Leng , Yangen Hu , Ke Zeng , Shuai Liu , Huaiyu Wan

Quiz design is a tedious process that teachers undertake to evaluate the acquisition of knowledge by students. Our goal in this paper is to automate quiz composition from a set of multiple choice questions (MCQs). We formalize a generic…

We investigated the effects of student-generated problems on exams. The process was gradual with some training throughout the semester. Initial results were highly positive with the students involved performing significantly better, and…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-09-13 Ameya S. Kolarkar , Aimee A. Callender

Experimental activities are an essential part of physics education. In addition to conveying scientific knowledge, they play a significant role in developing scientific literacy, inquiry skills, and critical thinking. In today's world,…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-12-10 Miriam Spodniaková Pfefferová , Martin Plesch