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Coarse data arise when learners observe only partial information about samples; namely, a set containing the sample rather than its exact value. This occurs naturally through measurement rounding, sensor limitations, and lag in economic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Alkis Kalavasis , Anay Mehrotra , Manolis Zampetakis , Felix Zhou , Ziyu Zhu

This article discusses aeroacoustic imaging methods based on correlation measurements in the frequency domain. Standard methods in this field assume that the estimated correlation matrix is superimposed with additive white noise. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-30 Hans-Georg Raumer , Carsten Spehr , Thorsten Hohage , Daniel Ernst

In this paper we study covariance estimation with missing data. We consider missing data mechanisms that can be independent of the data, or have a time varying dependency. Additionally, observed variables may have arbitrary (non uniform)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Eduardo Pavez , Antonio Ortega

We consider the estimation of a sparse parameter vector from measurements corrupted by white Gaussian noise. Our focus is on unbiased estimation as a setting under which the difficulty of the problem can be quantified analytically. We show…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-02 Alexander Jung , Zvika Ben-Haim , Franz Hlawatsch , Yonina C. Eldar

This paper considers the problem of estimating the variance of a sum of a triangular array of random vectors with heterogeneous means. When random vectors exhibit two-way cluster dependence or weak dependence, standard variance estimators…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-13 Luther Yap

We consider the problem of estimating the mean and covariance of a distribution from iid samples in $\mathbb{R}^n$, in the presence of an $\eta$ fraction of malicious noise; this is in contrast to much recent work where the noise itself is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Kevin A. Lai , Anup B. Rao , Santosh Vempala

This paper considers the problem of estimating a periodic function in a continuous time regression model with an additive stationary gaussian noise having unknown correlation function. A general model selection procedure on the basis of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-10 Victor Konev , Serguei Pergamenchtchikov

Consider the empirical autocovariance matrix at a given non-zero time lag based on observations from a multivariate complex Gaussian stationary time series. The spectral analysis of these autocovariance matrices can be useful in certain…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-01 Arup Bose , Walid Hachem

Spectral estimators are fundamental in lowrank matrix models and arise throughout machine learning and statistics, with applications including network analysis, matrix completion and PCA. These estimators aim to recover the leading…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-17 Hao Yan , Keith Levin

We consider the problem of estimating a low-dimensional parameter in high-dimensional linear regression. Constructing an approximately unbiased estimate of the parameter of interest is a crucial step towards performing statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-30 Michael Celentano , Andrea Montanari

Accurately estimating the statistical properties of noise is important in data analysis for space-based gravitational wave detectors. Noise in different time-delay interferometry channels correlates with each other. Many studies often…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-18 Ya-Nan Li , Yi-Ming Hu , En-Kun Li

Sparse covariance matrices play crucial roles by encoding the interdependencies between variables in numerous fields such as genetics and neuroscience. Despite substantial studies on sparse covariance matrices, existing methods face several…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Rakheon Kim , Irina Gaynanova

The problem tackled in this paper is the determination of sample size for a given level and power in the context of a simple linear regression model. At a technical level, the simple linear regression model is a five-parameter model. It is…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-25 Tianyuan Guan , M. Khorshed Alam , M. Bhaskara Rao

We present a weighted estimator of the covariance and correlation in bipartite complex systems with a double layer of heterogeneity. The advantage provided by the weighted estimators lies in the fact that the unweighted sample covariance…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-12-22 Elena Puccio , Jyrki Piilo , Michele Tumminello

Estimation and inference on causal parameters is typically reduced to a generalized method of moments problem, which involves auxiliary functions that correspond to solutions to a regression or classification problem. Recent line of work on…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-16 Qizhao Chen , Vasilis Syrgkanis , Morgane Austern

Not a matter of serious contention, Pearson's correlation coefficient is still the most important statistical association measure. Restricted to just two variables, this measure sometimes doesn't live up to users' needs and expectations.…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-02 Reza Salimi , Kamran Pakizeh

Variance estimation in the linear model when $p > n$ is a difficult problem. Standard least squares estimation techniques do not apply. Several variance estimators have been proposed in the literature, all with accompanying asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-30 Stephen Reid , Robert Tibshirani , Jerome Friedman

In this paper, we consider a statistical problem of learning a linear model from noisy samples. Existing work has focused on approximating the least squares solution by using leverage-based scores as an importance sampling distribution.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-11 Siheng Chen , Rohan Varma , Aarti Singh , Jelena Kovačević

We investigate three potential sources of bias in distance estimations made assuming that a very simple estimator of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale provides a standard ruler. These are the effects of the non-linear evolution of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Jacek Guzik , Gary Bernstein , Robert E. Smith

The problem of covariance estimation for replicated surface-valued processes is examined from the functional data analysis perspective. Considerations of statistical and computational efficiency often compel the use of separability of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-25 Tomas Masak , Victor M. Panaretos