Related papers: Scale dependence of branching in arterial and bron…
Topological structure of bronchial trees affects transport of gases and aerosols in the respiratory system. We start by providing a quantitative assessment of the ability of the alternative tree representations to predict observable…
Scientists have long sought to understand how vascular networks supply blood and oxygen to cells throughout the body. Recent work focuses on principles that constrain how vessel size changes through branching generations from the aorta to…
In binary and ordinal regression one can distinguish between a location component and a scaling component. While the former determines the location within the range of the response categories, the scaling indicates variance heterogeneity.…
The measurement of $B_s$-meson branching fractions is a fundamental tool to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. Every measurement of untagged time-integrated $B_s$-meson branching fractions is model-dependent due to the time dependence…
Respiration measurements of whole tree plants have been reported that give evidence that the relative per volume/mass unit respiration decreases with increase of tree body size. In this study, based on the available data published a…
Tree-size distribution is one of the most investigated subjects in plant population biology. The forestry literature reports that tree-size distribution trajectories vary across different stands and/or species, while the metabolic scaling…
We introduce a one-parametric family of tree growth models, in which branching probabilities decrease with branch age $\tau$ as $\tau^{-\alpha}$. Depending on the exponent $\alpha$, the scaling of tree depth with tree size $n$ displays a…
The airflow in the bronchi applies a shear stress on the bronchial mucus, which can move the mucus. The air--mucus interaction plays an important role in cough and in chest physiotherapy (CP). The conditions under which it induces a…
This paper presents two approaches to quantifying and visualizing variation in datasets of trees. The first approach localizes subtrees in which significant population differences are found through hypothesis testing and sparse classifiers…
The origin of allometric scaling patterns that are multiples of 1/4 has long fascinated biologists. While not universal, scaling relationships with exponents that are close to multiples of 1/4 are common and have been described in all major…
Many growth processes lead to intriguing stochastic patterns and complex fractal structures which exhibit local scale invariance properties. Such structures can often be described effectively by space-time trajectories of interacting…
Large deviation principles and related results are given for a class of Markov chains associated to the "leaves" in random recursive trees and preferential attachment random graphs, as well as the "cherries" in Yule trees. In particular,…
Many organs of higher organisms are heavily branched structures and arise by an at first sight similar process of branching morphogenesis. Yet the regulatory components and local interactions that have been identified differ greatly in…
Uniform fluid flow distribution in a symmetric volume can be realized through a symmetric branched tree. It is shown here, however, that the flow partitioning can be highly sensitive to deviations from exact symmetry if inertial effects are…
The growth and scaling of organs is a fundamental aspect of animal development. However, how organs grow to the right size and shape required by physiological demands, remains largely unknown. Here, we provide a framework combining theory…
Scale transformations have played an extremely successful role in studies of cosmological large-scale structure by relating the non-linear spectrum of cosmological density fluctuations to the linear primordial power at longer wavelengths.…
Recently, neuronal avalanches have been observed to display oscillations, a phenomenon regarded as the co-existence of a scale-free behaviour (the avalanches close to criticality) and scale-dependent dynamics (the oscillations). Ordinary…
Recent experimental results on spike avalanches measured in the urethane-anesthetized rat cortex have revealed scaling relations that indicate a phase transition at a specific level of cortical firing rate variability. The scaling relations…
We first rephrase and unify known bijections between bipartite plane maps and labelled trees with the formalism of looptrees, which we argue to be both more relevant and technically simpler since the geometry of a looptree is explicitly…
Predicting the growth of large cracks in brittle materials is a fundamental unresolved problem in fracture mechanics. Under out-of-plane shear loading, an initially planar crack may fragment into multiple cracks, forming an echelon crack…