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The United States Code (Code) is an important source of Federal law that is produced by the interactions of many heterogeneous actors in a complex, dynamic space. The Code can be represented as the union of a hierarchical network and a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-03-24 Michael J. Bommarito , Daniel Martin Katz

We study the traffic-driven epidemic spreading on scale-free networks with tunable degree distribution. The heterogeneity of networks is controlled by the exponent $\gamma$ of power-law degree distribution. It is found that the epidemic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-14 Han-Xin Yang , Bing-Hong Wang

We present exact results for the degree distribution in a directed network model that grows by node duplication (ND). Such models are useful in the study of the structure and growth dynamics of gene regulatory networks and scientific…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 Chanania Steinbock , Ofer Biham , Eytan Katzav

Many biological networks have been labelled scale-free as their degree distribution can be approximately described by a powerlaw distribution. While the degree distribution does not summarize all aspects of a network it has often been…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 M. P. H. Stumpf , P. J. Ingram , I. Nouvel , C. Wiuf

We investigate scaling properties of human brain functional networks in the resting-state. Analyzing network degree distributions, we statistically test whether their tails scale as power-law or not. Initial studies, based on least-squares…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-03 Riccardo Zucca , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , Hoang Le , Mikail Rubinov , Paul Verschure

Exponential random graphs are important to model the structure of real-world complex networks. Here we solve the two-star model with degree-degree correlations in the sparse regime. The model constraints the average correlation between the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-04 Maíra Bolfe , Fernando L. Metz , Edgar Guzmán-González , Isaac Pérez Castillo

For $\alpha \in (1,2]$, the $\alpha$-stable graph arises as the universal scaling limit of critical random graphs with i.i.d. degrees having a given $\alpha$-dependent power-law tail behavior. It consists of a sequence of compact measured…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-09 Christina Goldschmidt , Bénédicte Haas , Delphin Sénizergues

A growing family of random graphs is called robust if it retains a giant component after percolation with arbitrary positive retention probability. We study robustness for graphs, in which new vertices are given a spatial position on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-08 Emmanuel Jacob , Peter Morters

We define gradient networks as directed graphs formed by local gradients of a scalar field distributed on the nodes of a substrate network G. We derive an exact expression for the in-degree distribution of the gradient network when the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Zoltan Toroczkai , Balazs Kozma , Kevin E. Bassler , N. W. Hengartner , G. Korniss

Based on observations in the web-graph, the power-law hypothesis states that PageRank has a power-law distribution with the same exponent as the in-degree. While this hypothesis has been analytically verified for many random graph models,…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Florian Henning , Remco van der Hofstad , Nelly Litvak

It is known that many networks modeling real-life complex systems are small-word (large local clustering and small diameter) and scale-free (power law of the degree distribution), and very often they are also hierarchical. Although most of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-09 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol

We propose a general geometric growth model for pseudofractal scale-free web, which is controlled by two tunable parameters. We derive exactly the main characteristics of the networks: degree distribution, second moment of degree…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhongzhi Zhang , Lili Rong , Shuigeng Zhou

The degree heterogeneity and homophily are two typical features in network data. In this paper, we formulate a general model for undirected networks with these two features and present the moment estimation for inferring the degree and…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-08 Ting Yan

We consider a variant of so called power-law random graph. A sequence of expected degrees corresponds to a power-law degree distribution with finite mean and infinite variance. In previous works the asymptotic picture with number of nodes…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-12 Hannu Reittu , Ilkka Norros

We use the configuration model to generate networks having a degree distribution that follows a $q$-exponential, $P_q(k)=(2-q)\lambda[1-(1-q)\lambda k]^{1/(q-1)}$, for arbitrary values of the parameters $q$ and $\lambda$. We study the…

Generally, the threshold of percolation in complex networks depends on the underlying structural characterization. However, what topological property plays a predominant role is still unknown, despite the speculation of some authors that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-03-14 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuigeng Zhou , Tao Zou , Lichao Chen , Jihong Guan

We study scale free simple graphs with an exponent of the degree distribution $\gamma$ less than two. Generically one expects such extremely skewed networks -- which occur very frequently in systems of virtually or logically connected units…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hamed Seyed-allaei , Ginestra Bianconi , Matteo Marsili

We study a simple model of dynamic networks, characterized by a set preferred degree, $\kappa$. Each node with degree $k$ attempts to maintain its $\kappa$ and will add (cut) a link with probability $w(k;\kappa)$ ($1-w(k;\kappa)$). As a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-07-29 Wenjia Liu , Shivakumar Jolad , Beate Schmittmann , R. K. P. Zia

The assortative behavior of a network is the tendency of similar (or dissimilar) nodes to connect to each other. This tendency can have an influence on various properties of the network, such as its robustness or the dynamics of spreading…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Marc Kaufmann , Ulysse Schaller , Thomas Bläsius , Johannes Lengler

We present a family of scale-free network model consisting of cliques, which is established by a simple recursive algorithm. We investigate the networks both analytically and numerically. The obtained analytical solutions show that the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-09-11 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuigeng Zhou , Lichao Chen