Related papers: Polarized Helium to Image the Lung

Integrated optics are used to achieve astronomical interferometry inside robust and compact materials, improving the instrument's stability and sensitivity. In order to perform differential phase measurements at the H$\alpha$ line (656.3…

Electrons in image-potential states on the surface of bulk helium represent a unique model system of a two-dimensional electron gas. Here, we investigate their properties in the extreme case of reduced film thickness: a monolayer of helium…

The problem of imaging materials with circular polarization properties is discussed within the framework of vectorial ptychography. We demonstrate, both theoretically and numerically, that using linear polarizations to investigate such…

X-rays are particularly suited to probe the physics of extreme objects. However, despite the enormous improvements of X-ray Astronomy in imaging, spectroscopy and timing, polarimetry remains largely unexplored. We propose the photoelectric…

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful technique in biomedical research that uses the fluorophore decay rate to provide additional contrast in fluorescence microscopy. However, at present, the calculation, analysis,…

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a highly mortal disease, currently assessed by pulmonary CT angiography. True-FISP MRI has emerged as an innocuous alternative that does not hold many of the limitations of x-ray imaging. However, True-FISP MRI is…

The full exploitation of the physics potential of a future Linear Collider requires the development of polarised positron beams. A very promising scheme for the technical realisation is the use of helical undulators, generating circular…

A well-characterised wavefront is important for many X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) experiments, especially for single-particle imaging (SPI), where individual bio-molecules randomly sample a nanometer-region of highly-focused femtosecond…

De-identification of medical images is a critical step to ensure privacy during data sharing in research and clinical settings. The initial step in this process involves detecting Protected Health Information (PHI), which can be found in…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be considered one of the most effective techniques in both clinical diagnostic medical field and biomedicine, as it allows to obtain images anatomy of the body and its various parts and information…

The pressing need for the detailed wavefront properties of ultra-bright and ultra-short pulses produced by free-electron lasers (FELs) has spurred the development of several complementary characterization approaches. Here we present a…

We report the design concept and performance of a compact, light-weight, and economic imaging polarimeter, TRIPOL (the Triple Range Imager and POLarimeter), capable of simultaneous optical imagery and polarimetry. TRIPOL splits the beam…

The last decade has seen a leapfrog in the interest in X-ray polarimetry with a number of new polarization measurements in hard X-rays from AstroSat, POLAR, GAP, and PoGO+. The measurements provide some interesting insights into various…

Polarization is a degree of freedom of light carrying important information that is usually absent in intensity and spectral content. Imaging polarimetry is the process of determining the polarization state of light, either partially or…

Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) is a powerful imaging technique that uses a planar illumination oriented orthogonally to the detection axis. Two-photon (2P) LSM is a variant of LSM that exploits the 2P absorption effect for sample excitation.…

Singularities in multi-stream flows of relativistic plasmas can efficiently produce coherent high-frequency radiation, as exemplified in the concepts of Relativistic Flying Mirror [S. V. Bulanov, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 085001 (2003)]…

Diffractive/refractive optics, such as Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFL's), offer the potential to achieve excellent imaging performance in the x-ray and gamma-ray photon regimes. In principle, the angular resolution obtained with these devices…

Pleural effusion manifested as compression of pleural fluid on the lung parenchyma, contributing to hypoxemia. Medical procedure such as drainage of plural fluid releases this compression and increase the oxygenation. However, the effect of…

In this work we present a mathematical framework that quantifies the gas-exchange processes in the lung. The theory is based on the solution of the one-dimensional diffusion equation on a simplified model of lung septum. Gases dissolved…

A novel technique for polarization-multiplexing ghost imaging is proposed to simultaneously obtain multiple polarimetric information by a single detector. Here, polarization-division multiplexing speckles are employed for object…