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Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…
Metasurfaces have attracted extensive interests due to their ability to locally manipulate optical parameters of light and easy integration to complex optical systems. Particularly, metasurfaces can provide a novel platform for splitting…
High-resolution spectroscopy in soft X-rays ($<2$ keV) requires diffractive elements to resolve any astrophysically relevant diagnostics, such as closely spaced lines, weak absorption lines, or line profiles. The Rowland torus geometry…
We consider the propagation of several entangled photons through an elastically scattering medium and study statistical properties of their speckle patterns. We find the spatial correlations of multiphoton speckles and their sensitivity to…
Ptychography involves a sample being illuminated by a coherent, localised probe of illumination. When the probe interacts with the sample, the light is diffracted and a diffraction pattern is detected. Then the probe or sample is shifted…
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a proposed 12-meter segmented facility optimized for seeing limited observations in the visible and designed to operate both a high-multiplex multi-object spectrograph and a panoramic integral…
Optical beam deflection is a popular method to measure the deformation of micromechanical devices. As it measures mostly a local slope, its sensitivity depends on the location and size of the optical spot. We present a method to evaluate…
Microscopic fringe projection profilometry is a powerful 3D measurement technique with a theoretical measurement accuracy better than one micron provided that the measured targets can be imaged with good fringe visibility. However,…
We propose a novel measure for template matching named Deformable Diversity Similarity -- based on the diversity of feature matches between a target image window and the template. We rely on both local appearance and geometric information…
Wavefront aberrations can reflect the imaging quality of high-performance optical systems better than geometric aberrations. Although laser interferometers have emerged as the main tool for measurement of transmitted wavefronts, their…
Over the past decade, optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes were shown to offer advantages in optical information acquisition. Here, we introduce a new scheme for optical ranging in which depth is estimated through the angular…
A lens performs an approximately one-to-one mapping from the object to the image planes. This mapping in the image plane is maintained within a depth of field (or referred to as depth of focus, if the object is at infinity). This…
Motivated by the recent theoretical and experimental progress in implementing topological orders with photons, we analyze photonic systems with different topologies and present a scheme to probe their topological features. Specifically, we…
Orbital solutions for binary or multiple stellar systems that combine astrometry (e.g., position angles and angular separations) with spectroscopy (radial velocities) have important advantages over astrometric-only or spectroscopic-only…
Context. Recently our ability to study stars using asteroseismic techniques has increased dramatically, largely through the use of space based photometric observations. Work has also been done using ground based spectroscopic observations…
Image reconstruction under multiple light scattering is crucial in a number of applications such as diffraction tomography. The reconstruction problem is often formulated as a nonconvex optimization, where a nonlinear measurement model is…
Astronomical adaptive optics systems with open-loop deformable mirror control have recently come on-line. In these systems, the deformable mirror surface is not included in the wavefront sensor paths, and so changes made to the deformable…
In this paper, a new concept, radial coverage strength, is first proposed to characterize the visual sensing performance when the orientation of the target pose is considered. In particular, the elevation angle of the optical pose of the…
Traditional glass-based optics are typically optimized for narrow spectral bands, such as the visible (400-700nm) or shortwave infrared (1000-1800nm). While the emergence of VIS-SWIR sensors (400-1700nm) offers transformative potential,…
Characterizing the nonlinear optical properties of various materials plays a prerequisite role in nonlinear optics. Among different methods, the well-known Z-scan technique and the modified versions have been recognized as a simple and…