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The usage of the anthropic principle in modern cosmology is reviewed. It is argued that its recent use to explain the observedvalues of cosmological parameters as most probable values for an ensemble of universes, is not justified. However,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 Berndt Müller

A brief explanation of the meaning of the anthropic principle - as a prescription for the attribution of a priori probability weighting - is illustrated by various cosmological and local applications, in which the relevant conclusions are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Brandon Carter

We revisit our 2013 claim [arXiv:1303.7476] that the Universe is the result of a conspiratorial plot, and find that it cannot be trusted, because even the belief in this conspiracy likely results from a conspiracy. On the basis of…

Popular Physics · Physics 2020-04-23 Jörg P. Rachen , Ute G. Gahlings

The influence of recent detections of a finite vacuum energy ("cosmological constant") on our formulation of anthropic conjectures, particularly the so-called Final Anthropic Principle is investigated. It is shown that non-zero vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Milan M. Cirkovic , Nick Bostrom

The basic hypothesis of a post-Copernican Cosmological theory is that {\em all the points} of the Universe have to be essentially equivalent: this hypothesis is required in order to avoid any privileged {\em observer}. This assumption has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 L. Pietronero , F. Sylos Labini

The place of an anthropic argument in the discrimination between various cosmological models is to be reconsidered following the classic criticisms of Paul C. W. Davies and Frank J. Tipler. Different versions of the anthropic argument…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Milan M. Cirkovic

Even when completely and consistently formulated, a fundamental theory of physics and cosmological boundary conditions may not give unambiguous and unique predictions for the universe we observe; indeed inflation, string/M theory, and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-07 Anthony Aguirre , Max Tegmark

Selection effects in cosmology are often invoked to "explain" why some of the fundamental constant of Nature, and in particular the cosmological constant, take on the value they do in our Universe. We briefly review this probabilistic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Roberto Trotta , Glenn D. Starkman

Anthropic principle can help us to understand many properties of our world. However, for a long time this principle seemed too metaphysical and many scientists were ashamed to use it in their research. I describe here a justification of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei Linde

The fact that life has evolved in our universe constrains the laws of physics. The anthropic principle proposes that these constraints are sometimes very tight and can be used to explain in a sense the corresponding laws. Recently a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Clavelli , R. E. White

During the last centuries of human history, many questions was repeated in connection with the great problems of the existence and origin of human beings, and also of the Universe. The old questions of common sense and philosophy have not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zs. Hetesi , B. Balázs

Cosmology today is confronted with several seemingly insoluble puzzles and strange, inexplicable coincidences. But a careful re-examination of the Cosmological principle and the Weyl postulate, foundational elements in this subject,…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Fulvio Melia

I cast doubt upon the desired consistency between the anthropic principle and modern cosmology.

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Domingos Soares

The anthropic principle is an inevitable constraint on the space of possible theories. As such it is central to determining the limits of physics. In particular, we contend that what is ultimately possible in physics is determined by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-11 Navin Sivanandam

We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Alexander Kamenshchik , Oleg Teryaev

We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-28 A. Yu. Kamenshchik , O. V. Teryaev

A cosmological constant fits all current dark energy data, but requires two extreme fine tunings, both of which are currently explained by anthropic arguments. Here we discuss anti-anthropic solutions to one of these problems: the cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Joseph M. Fedrow , Kim Griest

The Anthropic Principle has been with us since the 1970s. This Principle is advanced to account for the "fine tuning" of the 25 constants of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Were these constants very different, life could not exist.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-05-26 Stuart Kauffman

The anthropic principle has been proposed as an explanation for the observed value of the cosmological constant. Here we revisit this proposal by allowing for variation between universes in the amplitude of the scale-invariant primordial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael L. Graesser , Stephen D. H. Hsu , Alejandro Jenkins , Mark B. Wise

The cosmological principle says that the Universe is spatially homogeneous and isotropic. It predicts, among other phenomena, the cosmic redshift of light and the Hubble law. Nevertheless, the existence of structure in the Universe violates…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 Dominik J. Schwarz
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