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The short term variability of the Galactic cosmic ray flux (CRF) reaching Earth has been previously associated with variations in the global low altitude cloud cover. This CRF variability arises from changes in the solar wind strength.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nir J. Shaviv

Low energy cosmic rays (up to the GeV energy domain) play a crucial role in the physics and chemistry of the densest phase of the interstellar medium. Unlike interstellar ionising radiation, they can penetrate large column densities of gas,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-19 S. Gabici

Understanding effects of ionisation in the lower atmosphere is a new interdisciplinary area, crossing traditionally distinct scientific boundaries. Following the paper of Erlykin et al. (Astropart. Phys. 57--58 (2014) 26--29) we develop the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Karen Aplin , Mike Lockwood

A search has been made for a contribution of the changing cosmic ray intensity to the global warming observed in the last century. The cosmic ray intensity shows a strong 11 year cycle due to solar modulation and the overall rate has…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Terry Sloan , Arnold Wolfendale

Low-energy cosmic rays are the dominant source of ionization for molecular cloud cores. The ionization fraction, in turn, controls the coupling of the magnetic field to the gas and hence the dynamical evolution of the cores. The purpose of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Marco Padovani , Daniele Galli

The time-dependent modulation of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere is studied by computing intensities using a time-dependent modulation model. By introducing recent theoretical advances in the transport coefficients in the model,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Rex Manuel , Stefan Ferreira , Marius Potgieter

The day-night variation of cosmic rays intensity at sea level has been observed by a simple G-M counter telescope. We preform two 5 hours counting during the day and night and find that the pattern of variation is closely related to the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. M. Mok , K. M. Cheng

This study presents the continuation of the analysis of variations of atmospheric and space weather parameters above Iberian Peninsula along two years near the 24th solar cycle maximum presented in Morozova et al. [2016]. Previously, the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-06-14 Anna L. Morozova , Paulo Ribeiro , Juan Jose Blanco , Tatiana V. Barlyaeva

The observed variability of the cosmic-ray intensity in the interplanetary space is driven by the evolution of the Sun's magnetic activity over its 11-year quasiperiodical cycle. Investigating the relationship between solar activity indices…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-13 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini

Various aspects of the connection between cloud cover (CC) and cosmic rays (CR) are analysed. We argue that the anticorrelation between the temporal behaviour of low (LCC) and middle (MCC) clouds evidences against causal connection between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 A. D. Erlykin , G. Gyalai , K. Kudela , T. Sloan , A. W. Wolfendale

Cosmic rays are an essential ingredient in the evolution of the interstellar medium, as they dominate the ionisation of the dense molecular gas, where stars and planets form. However, since they are efficiently scattered by the galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-09-05 Solenn Vaupré , Pierre Hily-Blant , Cecilia Ceccarelli , Guillaume Dubus , Stefano Gabici , Thierry Montmerle

When traveling in the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are subjected to the solar modulation effect, a quasiperiodical change of their intensity caused by the 11-year cycle of solar activity. Here we investigate the association of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-22 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini

We study the change in cosmic-ray pressure, the change in cosmic-ray density, and the level of cosmic-ray induced heating via Alfven-wave damping when cosmic rays move from a hot ionized plasma to a cool cloud embedded in that plasma. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 John E. Everett , Ellen G. Zweibel

During the solar journey through galactic space, variations in the physical properties of the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) modify the heliosphere and modulate the flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) at the surface of the Earth, with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Priscilla C. Frisch , Hans-Reinhard Mueller

Variation in high energy cosmic rays (HECRs) has been proposed to explain a 62 My periodicity in terrestrial fossil biodiversity. It has been suggested that the infall of our galaxy toward the Virgo cluster could generate an extragalactic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-22 Dimitra Atri , Brian C. Thomas , Adrian L. Melott , University of Kansas , Washburn University

Clouds cast shadows on the surface and locally enhance solar irradiance by absorbing and scattering sunlight, resulting in fast and large solar irradiance fluctuations on the surface. Typical spatiotemporal scales and driving mechanisms of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-03-09 Wouter Mol , Bart van Stratum , Wouter Knap , Chiel van Heerwaarden

Cosmic rays are a global source of ionisation, and the ionisation fraction represents a fundamental parameter in the interstellar medium. Ions couple to magnetic fields, affect the chemistry, and the dynamics of star-forming regions as well…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-25 Stefano Bovino , Simon Ferrada-Chamorro , Alessandro Lupi , Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Paola Caselli

Cosmic rays are the main agents in controlling the chemical evolution and setting the ambipolar diffusion time of a molecular cloud. We summarise the processes causing the energy degradation of cosmic rays due to their interaction with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-06-11 Marco Padovani , Patrick Hennebelle , Daniele Galli

Based on theoretical and experimental consideration of the first (the Twomey effect) and second indirect aerosol effects the quasianalytic description of physical connection between the galactic cosmic rays intensity and the Earth's cloud…

Observations of H3+ in the Galactic diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) have led to various surprising results, including the conclusion that the cosmic-ray ionization rate (zeta_2) is about 1 order of magnitude larger than previously…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Nick Indriolo , Benjamin J. McCall