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The operator manifold formalism (part I) enables the unification of the geometry and the field theory, and yields the quantization of geometry. This is the mathematical framework for our physical outlook that the geometry and fields, with…
We describe the theoretical ideas, developed between the 1950s-1970s, which led to the prediction of the Higgs boson, the particle that was discovered in 2012. The forces of nature are based on symmetry principles. We explain the nature of…
The first run of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN brought the discovery of the Higgs boson, an apparently elementary scalar particle with a mass of 125 GeV, the avatar of the mechanism that hides the electroweak symmetry. A new round of…
The claimed finding of a light Higgs boson makes the minimal Standard Model unitary. Yet we recall that the general low-energy dynamics for the minimal electroweak symmetry breaking sector with three Goldstone bosons and one light scalar is…
The apparent absence of new heavy states at the LHC below the TeV scale points that there is a gap in the electroweak energy spectrum. This scenario is conveniently described through the electroweak effective theory, an effective…
A possible discovery of a relatively light charged Higgs boson H^+ in near future experiments, with a mass M_{H+} ~< 110 GeV, together with the present LEP2 direct limits on the chargino and neutral Higgs sectors, would disfavour the…
Electroweak theory joins electromagnetism with the weak force in a single quantum field theory, ascribing the two fundamental interactions--so different in their manifestations--to a common symmetry principle. How the electroweak gauge…
Most embeddings of the Standard Model into a more unified theory, in particular the ones based on supergravity or superstrings, predict the existence of a hidden sector of particles which have only very weak interactions with the visible…
The status of precision electroweak measurements as of summer 2002 is reviewed. The recent results on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and on neutrino-nucleon scattering are discussed. Precision results on the electroweak…
The discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC begins the era of directly measuring the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB). Searching for extensions of the Standard Model (SM) EWSB sector at the LHC is of vital importance. An…
The Higgs boson was postulated in 1964, and phenomenological studies of its possible production and decays started in the early 1970s, followed by studies of its possible production in electron-positron, antiproton-proton and proton-proton…
A largely qualitative, and rather idiosyncratic discussion of electron fractionalization in condensed matter physics is presented, including some historical reflections and some speculations concerning future application of these ideas.…
Run 1 of the LHC has provided three new motivations for supersymmetry: the need to stabilize the electroweak vacuum, the mass of the Higgs boson, and the fact that its couplings are Standard Model-like (so far). The prospects for…
The long awaited discovery of a new light scalar at the LHC opens up a new era of studies of the Higgs sector in the SM and its extensions. In this paper we discuss the consequences of the observation of a light Higgs boson with the mass…
Without going to the details, I give a short, qualitative and historical description of the development of the Standard Model, from quantum electrodynamics, further through quantum chromodynamics, then to weak interactions with parity- and…
In 2012, a light scalar boson (denoted as H(125) in this paper) was discovered at the LHC. We explore the possible correlation between the lightness of H(125) and the smallness of CP-violation based on the Lee model, namely the spontaneous…
In this set of four lectures I will discuss some aspects of the Standard Model (SM) as a quantum field theory and related phenomenological observations which have played a crucial role in establishing the $SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$ gauge…
The Standard Model of fundamental interactions, albeit an incredibly elegant and successful theory, lacks explanations for some experimental and theoretical open questions. Interestingly, many of these problems seem to be related to the…
The observation of a new boson of mass $\sim 125\gev$ at the CERN LHC may finally have revealed the existence of a Higgs boson. Now we have the opportunity to scrutinize its properties, determining its quantum numbers and couplings to the…
An introduction to electroweak symmetry breaking and Higgs physics is presented for the Standard Model and its supersymmetric extensions. A brief overview will also be given on strong interactions of the electroweak gauge bosons in…