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We review recent efforts to detect small numbers of nuclear spins using magnetic resonance force microscopy. Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a scanning probe technique that relies on the mechanical measurement of the weak…
Moving nanoparticles/atoms to study the nearfield interaction between them is one of the many approaches to explore the optical and electrical properties of these assemblies. Traditional approach included the self assembly by spinning or…
X-ray crystallography, NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy, and dual polarization interferometry, etc are indeed very powerful tools to determine the 3D structures of proteins (including the membrane proteins), though they are…
Scattering analysis offers a fundamental route to revealing particle interactions with direct implications for device technologies relying on ensembles of particles such as magnetic skyrmions. Here, we directly visualize, in real time, the…
Tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), also known as amplitude modulated (AM) or AC mode, is a proven, reliable and gentle imaging mode with widespread applications. Over the several decades that tapping mode has been in use,…
Time resolution is one of the most severe limitations of scanning probe microscopies (SPMs), since the typical image acquisition times are in the order of several seconds or even few minutes. As a consequence, the characterization of…
Nanoscale control and observation of photophysical processes in semiconductors is critical for basic understanding and applications from optoelectronics to quantum information processing. In particular, there are open questions and…
Atomic force microscope (AFM) generally works on the basis of manipulating absolute magnitude of van der Waals (vdW) force between the tip and specimen. The force is, however, less sensitive to alternation of atom species than to tip-sample…
The surface of ultra-thin materials plays a crucial role in determining the properties. This is particularly important in two-dimensional (2D) materials where the surface-bulk distinction is no longer present. While mechanical cleaning of…
The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System (MIDAS) atomic force microscope (AFM) onboard the Rosetta orbiter was the first such instrument launched into space in 2004. Designed only a few years after the technique was invented, MIDAS is…
Analyzing atomically resolved images is a time-consuming process requiring solid experience and substantial human intervention. In addition, the acquired images contain a large amount of information such as crystal structure, presence and…
Intermodulation atomic force microscopy (IMAFM) is a dynamic mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with two-tone excitation. The oscillating AFM cantilever in close proximity to a surface experiences the nonlinear tip-sample force which…
The interaction of water with surfaces is crucially important in a wide range of natural and technological settings. In particular, at low temperatures, unveiling the atomistic structure of adsorbed water clusters would provide valuable…
An ongoing challenge in atomic force microscope (AFM) experiments is the quantitative measurement of cantilever motion. The vast majority of AFMs use the optical beam deflection (OBD) method to infer the deflection of the cantilever. The…
Fluid flow through intricate confining geometries often exhibits complex behaviors, certainly in porous materials, e.g. in groundwater flows or the operation of filtration devices and porous catalysts. However, it has remained extremely…
Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) is a technique used to determine the tensions that a biological cell conveys to the underlying surface. Typically, TFM requires culturing cells on gels with fluorescent beads, followed by bead displacement…
Intermodulation atomic force microscopy (ImAFM) is a mode of dynamic atomic force microscopy that probes the nonlinear tip-surface force by measurement of the mixing of multiple tones in a frequency comb. A high $Q$ cantilever resonance and…
We consider the stochastic dynamics of an array of two closely spaced atomic force microscope cantilevers in a viscous fluid for use as a possible biomolecule sensor. The cantilevers are not driven externally, as is common in applications…
The design of an atomic force microscope with an all-fiber interferometric detection scheme capable of atomic resolution at about 500 mK is presented. The microscope body is connected to a small pumped 3He reservoir with a base temperature…
Reliable and rapid morphology measurement of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with a high level of branching and entanglement is crucial for quality control, grade definition, and investigating morphology-performance relationships in various…