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In the last decade, research on artificial intelligence has seen rapid growth with deep learning models, especially in the field of medical image segmentation. Various studies demonstrated that these models have powerful prediction…
Specular reflections pose a significant challenge for object segmentation, as their sharp intensity transitions often mislead both conventional algorithms and deep learning based methods. However, as the specular reflection must lie on the…
This thesis examines the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), a method for decomposing multicomponent signals, from a modern, both theoretical and practical, perspective. The motivation is to further formalize the concept and develop new…
We present new policy mirror descent (PMD) methods for solving reinforcement learning (RL) problems with either strongly convex or general convex regularizers. By exploring the structural properties of these overall highly nonconvex…
Existing supervised action segmentation methods depend on the quality of frame-wise classification using attention mechanisms or temporal convolutions to capture temporal dependencies. Even boundary detection-based methods primarily depend…
Metasurfaces provide a compact, flexible, and reliable solution for controlling the wavefront of light. In imaging systems, micro-lens arrays are integrated with pixel matrices to reduce optical crosstalk, enhance photon collection…
Zernike circular polynomials (ZCP) play a significant role in optics engineering. The symbolic expressions for ZCP are valuable for theoretic analysis and engineering designs. However, there are still two problems which remain open:…
Semantic segmentation datasets often exhibit two types of imbalance: \textit{class imbalance}, where some classes appear more frequently than others and \textit{size imbalance}, where some objects occupy more pixels than others. This causes…
Sensors and actuators based on resonant micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), such as scanning micro mirrors, are well-established in automotive and consumer products. As the areas of application broaden, the requirements for the MEMS…
Recently determined atomistic scale structures of near-two dimensional bilayers of vitreous silica (using scanning probe and electron microscopy) allow us to refine the experimentally determined coordinates to incorporate the known local…
Optical stellar interferometers have demonstrated milli-arcsecond resolution with few apertures spaced hundreds of meters apart. To obtain rich direct images, many apertures will be needed, for a better sampling of the incoming wavefront.…
Video semantic segmentation aims to generate accurate semantic maps for each video frame. To this end, many works dedicate to integrate diverse information from consecutive frames to enhance the features for prediction, where a feature…
We present a method to determine the static aberrations in a nearly diffraction-limited spectrograph introduced, for example, by alignment or manufacturing errors. We consider an instrument with two stages separated by a slit or image…
Mirror Descent (MD) is a well-known method of solving non-smooth convex optimization problems. This paper analyzes the stochastic variant of MD with adaptive stepsizes. Its convergence on average is shown to be faster than with the fixed…
We derive an analytical expression for the effective indices of modes of circular step-index fibers valid near their cutoff wavelengths. The approximation, being a first-order Taylor series of a smooth function, is also valid for the real…
Optics for future X-ray telescopes will be characterized by very large aperture and focal length, and will be made of lightweight materials like glass or plastic in order to keep the total mass within acceptable limits. Optics based on thin…
Three mode parametric instability has been predicted in Advanced gravitational wave detectors. Here we present the first observation of this phenomenon in a large scale suspended optical cavity designed to be comparable to those of advanced…
We propose MisMatch, a novel consistency-driven semi-supervised segmentation framework which produces predictions that are invariant to learnt feature perturbations. MisMatch consists of an encoder and a two-head decoders. One decoder…
Removing undesirable reflections from a single image captured through a glass window is of practical importance to visual computing systems. Although state-of-the-art methods can obtain decent results in certain situations, performance…
Reliable, autonomously, deployment of telescopes enables a wide range of possible science cases. In this paper, we present a method for multi-stage telescope alignment with a simple commercial imaging sensor. For these studies, we use a…