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A physical experiment comprises along the time trajectory a start, a time evolution (duration), and an end, which is the measurement. In non relativistic quantum mechanics the start of the experiment is defined by the wave function at time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-14 Roland Riek

We show that a new interpretation of quantum mechanics, in which the notion of event is defined without reference to measurement or observers, allows to construct a quantum general ontology based on systems, states and events. Unlike the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-04 Rodolfo Gambini , Lucia Lewowicz , Jorge Pullin

We reconstruct the explicit formalism of qubit quantum theory from elementary rules on an observer's information acquisition. Our approach is purely operational: we consider an observer O interrogating a system S with binary questions and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Philipp A Hoehn , Christopher Wever

Scientific theories need to be testable by observations, say using Bayes' theorem. A complete theory needs at least the three parts of dynamical laws for specified physical variables, the correct solution of the dynamical laws (boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-12-17 Don N. Page

I flesh out the sense in which the informational approach to interpreting quantum mechanics, as defended by Pitowsky and Bub and lately by a number of other authors, is (neo-)Bohrian. I argue that on this approach, quantum mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Michael E. Cuffaro

The quantum measurement problem, the unresolved conflict between the unitary evolution of the wave function and the postulate of wave function collapse, remains the most profound conceptual challenge in quantum foundations. While…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Eyad I. B Hamid

A number of issues related to measurement show that self-consistency is lacking in quantum mechanics as this theory has been generally understood. Each issue is presented as a point in this paper. Each point can be resolved by incorporating…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. M. Snyder

Starting from a new principle inspired by quantum tomography rather than from Born's rule, this paper gives a self-contained deductive approach to quantum mechanics and quantum measurement. A suggestive notion for what constitutes a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Arnold Neumaier

Within the framework of the new formalism of quantum theory - the quantum principle of least action - the initial state of the universe is determined, which is an analogue of the Hartle-Hawking no-boundary wave function. The quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-17 Natalia Gorobey , Alexander Lukyanenko , Alexander V. Goltsev

The quantum measurement problem considered for the model of measuring system (MS) consist of measured state S (particle), detector D and information processing device (observer) $O$ interacting with S,D. For 'external' observer $O'$ MS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mayburov. S

In previous articles we presented a derivation of Born's rule and unitary transforms in Quantum Mechanics (QM), from a simple set of axioms built upon a physical phenomenology of quantization. Physically, the structure of QM results of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Alexia Auffèves , Philippe Grangier

Quantum theory has evolved from a set of provisional rules to an indispensable framework that underlies much of modern technology and infrastructure. Yet, after a century, Born's probability postulate remains at odds with the theory's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Lionel Brits

The measurement problem of quantum mechanics concerns the question under which circumstances coherent wave evolution becomes disrupted to produce eigenstates of observables, instead of evolving superpositions of eigenstates. The problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Rainer Dick

The measurement conundrum seems to have plagued quantum mechanics for so long that impressions of an inconsistency amongst its axioms have spawned. A demonstration that such purported inconsistency is fictitious may then be in order and is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Tristan Hübsch

Contemporary quantum mechanical description of nature involves two processes. The first is a dynamical process governed by the equations of local quantum field theory. This process is local and deterministic, but it generates a structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Henry P. Stapp

The Bohmian formulation of quantum mechanics is used in order to describe the measurement process in an intuitive way without a reduction postulate in the framework of a deterministic single system theory. Thereby the motion of the hidden…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Geiger , G. Obermair , Ch. Helm

We formulate a Born rule for families of quantum systems parametrized by a noncommutative space of control parameters. The resulting formalism may be viewed as a generalization of quantum mechanics where overlaps take values in a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-27 Gregory W. Moore

It is usually assumed that the quantum state is sufficient for deducing all probabilities for a system. This may be true when there is a single observer, but it is not true in a universe large enough that there are many copies of an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-13 Don N. Page

In this article we present a possible way to make usual quantum mechanics fully compatible with physical realism, defined as the statement that the goal of physics is to study entities of the natural world, existing independently from any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Alexia Auffèves , Philippe Grangier

An operational approach to quantum state reduction, the state change of the measured system caused by a measurement of an observable conditional upon the outcome of measurement, is founded without assuming the projection postulate in any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-04 Masanao Ozawa