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We combine Maxwell's equations with Eulers's equation, related to a velocity field of an immaterial fluid, where the density of mass is replaced by a charge density. We come out with a differential system able to describe a relevant…
Whereas nonrelativistic mechanics always connects the total momentum of a system to the motion of the center of mass, relativistic systems, such as interacting electromagnetic charges, can have internal linear momentum in the absence of…
Poynting theorem plays a very important role in analyzing electromagnetic phenomena. The electromagnetic power flux density is usually expressed with the Poynting vector. However, since Poynting theorem basically focuses on the power…
Maxwell's macroscopic equations combined with a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force are a complete and consistent set of equations. Not only are these five equations fully compatible with special relativity, they also conform with…
Energy conservation has the status of a fundamental physical principle. However, measurements in quantum mechanics do not comply with energy conservation. Therefore, it is expected that a more fundamental theory of gravity -- one that is…
Standard formulae of classical electromagnetism for the forces between electric charges in motion derived from retarded potentials are compared with those obtained from a recently developed relativistic classical electrodynamic theory with…
We address the formulation and analysis of energy and momentum conserving time integration schemes in the context of particle dynamics, and in particular atomic systems. The article identifies three critical aspects of these models that…
By describing the dynamical evolution of a test charged particle in the presence of an electromagnetic field as a succession of infinitesimal Lorentz boosts and rotations it is possible to obtain the Lorentz Force of Electrodynamics. A…
The motion of charged particles in weakly varying electromagnetic fields is described using a perturbation method. This provides a systematic and physically transparent description of the particle motion on fast and slow spatio-temporal…
The Schr\"odinger theory of electrons in an external electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via the `Quantal Newtonian' laws (or differential virial theorems). These laws are in terms of…
The structure of electrodynamics based on the variational principle together with causality and space-time homogeneity is analyzed. It is proved that in this case the 4-potential is defined uniquely. Therefore, the approach where Maxwell…
Energy-momentum and angular momentum carried by electromagnetic field of two point-like charged particles arbitrarily moving in flat spacetime are presented. Apart from usual contributions to the Noether quantities produced separately by…
Conservation principles establish the primacy of potentials over fields in electrodynamics, both classical and quantum. The contrary conclusion that fields are primary is based on the Newtonian concept that forces completely determine…
Binary collisions of the gyrating charged particles in an external magnetic field are considered within a classical second-order perturbation theory, i.e., up to contributions which are quadratic in the binary interaction, starting from the…
A fraction of energy is theoretically predicted to be captured from electromagnetic field to form a gravitating mass, when a low-mass charged particle enters the strong field from a region of no electromagnetism. In this paper the mass…
Relativistically covariant form of equation of motion for real particle (neutral in charge) under the action of electromagnetic radiation is derived. Various formulations of the equation of motion in the proper frame of reference of the…
The relationship between the intrinsic motion of gravity, light, and time is explored in terms of the principles of entropy, causality, energy, and symmetry conservation. A conceptual mechanism for gravity and the gravitational connection…
In standard textbooks of college physics, the Work Energy Theorem is usually presented for inertial frames of references and it is clear that energy is conserved when there is not net work of interaction forces. But what happens when energy…
A concept of kinetic energy in quantum mechanics is analyzed. Kinetic energy is a non-zero positive value in many cases of bound states, when a wave function is a real-valued one and there are no visible motion and flux. This can be…
A decomposition of the angular momentum of the classical electromagnetic field into orbital and spin components that is manifestly gauge invariant and general has been obtained. This is done by decomposing the electric field into its…