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A ternary reaction-diffusion model for early HIV infection dynamics, incorporating logistic growth of target cells, is introduced. According to in vitro and in vivo studies, random movement of target cells, infected cells, and virions and a…
Tailoring the performance of next-generation high entropy materials requires a deep understanding of the competition between entropy-driven random solid solution and enthalpy-driven chemical ordering. Investigating such order and disorder…
Stereoselective reactions (both chemical and enzymatic reactions) have been essential for origin of life, evolution, human biology and medicine. Since late 1960s, there have been numerous successes in the exciting new frontier of asymmetric…
Detection of chiral molecules requires amplification of chirality to measurable levels. Typically, amplification mechanisms are considered at the microscopic scales of individual molecules and their aggregates. Here we demonstrate chirality…
Explaining the origin of life requires us to explain how self-replication arises. To be specific, how can a self-replicating entity develop spontaneously from a chemical reaction system in which no reaction is self-replicating? Previously…
Statistical models provide a powerful and useful class of approximations for calculating reaction rates by bypassing the need for detailed, and often difficult, dynamical considerations. Such approaches invariably invoke specific…
The transition from monolayers to multilayered structures in bacterial colonies is a fundamental step in biofilm development. Observed across different morphotypes and species, this transition is triggered within freely growing bacterial…
We study a lattice model for the spreading of fluid films, which are a few molecular layers thick, in narrow channels with inert lateral walls. We focus on systems connected to two particle reservoirs at different chemical potentials,…
Monte Carlo simulation was carried out to understand the influence of morphological inhomogeneity on carrier diffusion in organic thin films. The morphological inhomogeneity was considered in the simulation by incorporating the regions of…
Assembly theory predicts that a distinguishing signature of life is its ability to produce complex molecules in abundance, opening new possibilities for life detection. Experimental validation of this approach has so far relied on abiotic…
Through extensive studies of dynamical system modeling cellular growth and reproduction, we find evidence that complexity arises in multicellular organisms naturally through evolution. Without any elaborate control mechanism, these systems…
Molecular chirality is conventionally understood as space-inversion-symmetry breaking in the equilibrium structure of molecules. Less well known is that achiral molecules can be made chiral through extreme rotational excitation. Here, we…
Understanding protein motion within the cell is crucial for predicting reaction rates and macromolecular transport in the cytoplasm. A key question is how crowded environments affect protein dynamics through hydrodynamic and direct…
Tightly confined modes of light, as in optical nanofibers or photonic crystal waveguides, can lead to large optical coupling in atomic systems, which mediates long-range interactions between atoms. These one-dimensional systems can…
Cellular transformations which involve a significant phenotypical change of the cell's state use bistable biochemical switches as underlying decision systems. In this work, we aim at linking cellular decisions taking place on a time scale…
To study the fluctuations and dynamics in chemical reaction processes, stochastic differential equations based on the rate equation involving chemical concentrations are often adopted. When the number of molecules is very small, however,…
According to quantum mechanics chiral molecules, that is molecules that rotate the polarization of light, should not exist. The simplest molecules which can be chiral have four or more atoms with two arrangements of minimal potential energy…
We propose a framework that connects the spatial symmetries of a metasurface to its material parameter tensors and its scattering matrix. This provides a simple yet effective way to effortlessly determine properties of a metasurface…
We present a simple mathematical model that captures the evolutionary capabilities of a prebiotic compartment or protocell. In the model the protocell contains an autocatalytic set whose chemical dynamics is coupled to the growth-division…
In this paper the first equation within a class of well known chemotaxis systems is derived as a hydrodynamic limit from a stochastic interacting many particle system on the lattice. The cells are assumed to interact with attractive…