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We study the theoretical model of a ferromagnetic semiconductor as a system of randomly distributed Ising spins with a long-range exchange interaction. Using the density-of-states approach, we analytically obtain the magnetic susceptibility…
The following is a thermodynamic analysis of a III order (and some aspects of a IV order) phase transition. Such a transition can occur in a superconductor if the normal state is a diamagnet. The equation for a phase boundary in an H-T (H…
The mid-infrared spectral region provides a unique window into the atmospheric temperature, chemistry, and dynamics of the giant planets. From more than a century of mid-infrared remote sensing, progressively clearer pictures of the…
We predict a new type of phase transition in a quasi-two dimensional system of electrons at high magnetic fields, namely the stabilization of a density wave which transforms a two dimensional open Fermi surface into a periodic chain of…
The variation of fractal dimension and entropy during a damage evolution process, especially approaching critical failure, has been recently investigated. A sudden drop of fractal dimension has been proposed as a quantitative indicator of…
In recent years, quantum phase transitions have attracted the interest of both theorists and experimentalists in condensed matter physics. These transitions, which are accessed at zero temperature by variation of a non-thermal control…
We present a method to measure the resonance transitions between the gravitationally bound quantum states of neutrons in the GRANIT spectrometer. The purpose of GRANIT is to improve the accuracy of measurement of the quantum states…
An extended study on PdS is carried out with the measurements of the resistivity, Hall coefficient, Raman scattering, and X-ray diffraction at high pressures up to 42.3 GPa. With increasing pressure, superconductivity is observed…
In this article we study superconductor-insulator transitions within the general framework of an attractive Hubbard model. This is a well-defined model of s-wave superconductivity which permits different tuning parameters (disorder and…
Graphene on a substrate has been shown to exhibit a transition, depending on the substrate material, from a zero-gap semiconductor state to a semimetallic state. The ground-state energy of the electron (hole) gas has been calculated within…
We use extensive first principle simulations to show the major role played by interfaces in the mechanism of phase separation observed in semiconductor multifunctional materials. We make an analogy with the precipitation sequence observed…
We report the observation of two types of Sommerfeld precursors (or forerunners) on the surface of a layer of mercury. When the fluid depth increases, we observe a transition between these two precursor surface waves in good agreement with…
The analysis of satellite thermal images of the Earth's surface within the spectral range of 10.5-11.3 mkm has shown that over some linear structures of the Middle-Asian seismically active region there is observed a stable in time and space…
Early earthquake warning is a rapidly developing capability that has significant ramifications for many fields, including astronomical observatories. In this work, we describe the susceptibility of astronomical facilities to seismic events,…
Interference of proximity induced superconducting correlations in mesoscopic metallic rings is sensitive to the magnetic flux $\Phi$ inside these rings. This is the reason for magnetoconductance oscillations in such systems. We detected…
The authors report magnetic measurements of fluxoid transitions in mesoscopic, superconducting aluminum rings. The transitions are induced by applying a flux to the ring so that the induced supercurrent approaches the critical current. In a…
Phase transitions during inflation can generate a stochastic gravitational-wave background that probes primordial physics. We study the detectability and parameter reconstruction of such a signal with a space-based gravitational-wave…
We consider quasi-two-dimensional gas of electrons in a typical Si-MOSFET, assuming repulsive contact interaction between electrons. Magnetisation and susceptibility are evaluated within the mean-field approach. Finite thickness of the…
The formation of excitonic insulator phases in quantum materials is often masked by structural distortions caused by the coupling between electronic and phononic order parameters. Here we show that the candidate material Ta$_2$NiSe$_5$ is…
Matrix inflation, or M-flation, is a string theory motivated inflationary model with three scalar field matrices and gauge fields in the adjoint representation of the $\mathbf{U}(N)$ gauge group. One of these $3N^2$ scalars appears as the…