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The space charge limit (SCL) of emission from photocathodes sets an upper limit on the performance of both high- and low-field electron guns. Generally, one is forced to strike a compromise between the space charge limit and the cathode's…
A one-dimensional (1D) model has been constructed to study the transition of the time-dependent ultrafast laser photo-electron emission from a flat metallic surface to the space charge limited (SCL) current, including the effect of…
Future electron-positron linear colliders require a highly polarized electron beam with a pulse structure that depends primarily on whether the acceleration utilizes warm or superconducting rf structures. The International Linear Collider…
Periodic supercell models of electric double layers formed at the interface between a charged surface and an electrolyte are subject to serious finite size errors and require certain adjustments in the treatment of the long-range…
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are theoretically able to concentrate both direct and diffuse solar radiation with extremely high efficiencies. Photon-multiplier luminescent solar concentrators (PM-LSCs) contain chromophores which…
Recently, the production of ultrahigh-density (~10^{19}cm^{-3}) spin-polarized deuterium (SPD) atoms was demonstrated, from the photodissociation of deuterium iodide, but the upper density limit was not determined. Here, we present studies…
The backward Compton scattering is a basic process at future higher energy photon colliders. To obtain a high probability of e->gamma conversion the density of laser photons in the conversion region should be so high that simultaneous…
The global need for clean water requires sustainable technology for purifying contaminated water. Highly efficient solar-driven photodegradation is a sustainable strategy for wastewater treatment. In this work, we demonstrate that the…
Time resolved spin-polarized electron photoemission spectra are investigated as a function of excitation pulse energy for the heterostructures with a single strained layer and with a strained-well superlattice. At an average current…
Supercapacitors (aka electrostatic double-layer capacitors -- EDLCs) offer excellent power storage capacity and kinetics, but suffer under rapid self-discharge. We introduced a zeolite framework into the active capacitor electrode, with the…
We propose surface modulation of the equilibrium charge density as a technique to control and enhance, via an external static potential, the free electron nonlinear response of heavily doped semiconductors. Within a hydrodynamic…
The maximum current that can be transported across a vacuum diode is limited by forces arising due to space charge. In a planar diode configuration, the space charge limited (SCL) current density from a planar emitting patch is given by the…
Supercapacitors, S-C - capacitors that take advantage of the large capacitance at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte - have found many short-term energy applications. We concentrate here on optically induced, electrical…
Photon beams at photon colliders are very narrow, powerful (10--15 MW) and cannot be spread by fast magnets (because photons are neutral). No material can withstand such energy density. For the ILC-based photon collider, we suggest using a…
Based on the assumption that the contact barrier height determines the current flow in organic semiconductor-based electronic devices, charge injection at metal-organic (MO) interfaces has been extensively investigated, while space-charge…
Although significant insights have been obtained into chemical and physical properties that govern to the performance of catalysts in traditional thermal processes, the work on electro-, photo-, or plasma-catalytic approaches has been…
Electrostatic charging of insulating fine particles can be responsible for numerous phenomena ranging from lightning in volcanic plumes to dust explosions. However, even basic aspects of how fine particles become charged are still unclear.…
Image charge effect is a fundamental problem in electrostatics. However, a proper treatment at the continuum level for many-ion systems, such as electrolyte solutions or ionic liquids, remains an open theoretical question. Here, we…
GaAs-based photocathodes are the only viable source capable of providing spin-polarized electrons for accelerator applications. This type of photocathode requires a thin surface layer, in order to achieve negative electron affinity (NEA)…
An electric field applied to a droplet impinging on a hydrophobic surface has an extensive variety of applications, including ant-icing, heat transfer enhancement, self-cleaning, droplet manipulation, and electrostatic spraying. The present…