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Cartograms are maps that rescale geographic regions (e.g., countries, districts) such that their areas are proportional to quantitative demographic data (e.g., population size, gross domestic product). Unlike conventional bar or pie charts,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Michael T. Gastner , Vivien Seguy , Pratyush More

Cartograms combine statistical and geographical information in thematic maps, where areas of geographical regions (e.g., countries, states) are scaled in proportion to some statistic (e.g., population, income). Cartograms make it possible…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Sabrina Nusrat , Stephen Kobourov

Cartograms are maps in which areas of geographic regions (countries, states) appear in proportion to some variable of interest (population, income). Cartograms are popular visualizations for geo-referenced data that have been around for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Sabrina Nusrat , Stephen Kobourov

Cartograms are maps in which areas of geographic regions (countries, states) appear in proportion to some variable of interest (population, income). Cartograms are popular visualizations for geo-referenced data that have been used for over…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-01-04 Sabrina Nusrat , Md. Jawaherul Alam , Stephen G. Kobourov

Cartograms are a technique for visually representing geographically distributed statistical data, where values of a numerical attribute are mapped to the size of geographic regions. Contiguous cartograms preserve the adjacencies of the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Vladimir Molchanov , Hennes Rave , Lars Linsen

Cartograms depict geographic regions with areas proportional to quantitative data. However, when created using density-equalizing map projections, cartograms may exhibit invalid topologies if boundary polygons are drawn using only a finite…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Nihal Z. Miaji , Adi Singhania , Matthias E. Goh , Callista Le , Atima Tharatipyakul , Michael T. Gastner

We present a new circular-arc cartogram model in which countries are drawn as polygons with circular arcs instead of straight-line segments. Given a political map and values associated with each country in the map, a cartogram is a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-12-07 Jan-Hinrich Kämper , Stephen G. Kobourov , Martin Nöllenburg

Diffusion models have been used in cosmological applications as a generative model for fast simulations and to reconstruct underlying cosmological fields or astrophysical images from noisy data. These two tasks are often treated as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Supranta S. Boruah , Michael Jacob , Bhuvnesh Jain

The circular cartogram, also known as the Dorling map, is a widely used tool for visualizing statistical data. It represents regions as circles with their areas in proportion to the statistical values and requires circle displacement to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Wei Zhiwei , Ding Su , Xu Wenjia , Cheng Lu , Zhang Song , Wang Yang

Cartograms are maps in which the areas of regions (e.g., countries or provinces) are proportional to a thematic mapping variable (e.g., population or gross domestic product). A cartogram is called contiguous if it keeps geographically…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Shi Tingsheng , Ian K. Duncan , Yen-Ning Chang , Michael T. Gastner

Diffusion maps are an emerging data-driven technique for non-linear dimensionality reduction, which are especially useful for the analysis of coherent structures and nonlinear embeddings of dynamical systems. However, the computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 N. Benjamin Erichson , Lionel Mathelin , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Density map is an effective visualization technique for depicting the scalar field distribution in 2D space. Conventional methods for constructing density maps are mainly based on Euclidean distance, limiting their applicability in urban…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Zezheng Feng , Haotian Li , Wei Zeng , Shuang-Hua Yang , Huamin Qu

Diffusion maps (DMAP) are often used as a dimensionality-reduction tool, but more precisely they provide a spectral representation of the intrinsic geometry rather than a complete charting method. To illustrate this distinction, we study a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Julio Candanedo , Alejandro Patiño

In this paper, we are concerned with the problem of creating flattening maps of simply-connected open surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$. Using a natural principle of density diffusion in physics, we propose an effective algorithm for computing…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Gary P. T. Choi , Chris H. Rycroft

In every country, public and private agencies allocate extensive funding to collect large-scale statistical data, which in turn are studied and analyzed in order to determine local, regional, national, and international policies regarding…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-05 Karina I. Mazzitello , Julián Candia

Calculus and geometry are ubiquitous in the theoretical modelling of scientific phenomena, but have historically been very challenging to apply directly to real data as statistics. Diffusion geometry is a new theory that reformulates…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Iolo Jones , David Lanners

Can robots imagine or generate maps like humans do, especially when only limited information can be perceived like blind people? To address this challenging task, we propose a novel group diffusion model (GDM) based architecture for robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Qijin Song , Weibang Bai

One of the fundamental problems within the field of machine learning is dimensionality reduction. Dimensionality reduction methods make it possible to combat the so-called curse of dimensionality, visualize high-dimensional data and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Sergio García-Heredia , Ángela Fernández , Carlos M. Alaíz

Diffusion models form an important class of generative models today, accounting for much of the state of the art in cutting edge AI research. While numerous extensions beyond image and video generation exist, few of such approaches address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

We propose a new approach to identifying geographical clustering and hotspots of inequality from decadal census data. We use diffusion mapping to study the 181,408 Output Areas in England and Wales, which allows us to decompose the feature…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-02-20 Gezhi Xiu , Huanfa Chen
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