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Related papers: The problem with the Brier score

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We study the interpretability of conditional probability estimates for binary classification under the agnostic setting or scenario. Under the agnostic setting, conditional probability estimates do not necessarily reflect the true…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Yihan Gao , Aditya Parameswaran , Jian Peng

The value of the likelihood is occasionally used by high energy physicists as a statistic to measure goodness-of-fit in unbinned maximum likelihood fits. Simple examples are presented that illustrate why this (seemingly intuitive) method…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-11-18 Joel Heinrich

Given a binary prediction problem, which performance metric should the classifier optimize? We address this question by formalizing the problem of Metric Elicitation. The goal of metric elicitation is to discover the performance metric of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-21 Gaurush Hiranandani , Shant Boodaghians , Ruta Mehta , Oluwasanmi Koyejo

Uncertainty in probabilistic classifiers predictions is a key concern when models are used to support human decision making, in broader probabilistic pipelines or when sensitive automatic decisions have to be taken. Studies have shown that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Nicolas Posocco , Antoine Bonnefoy

The spread of ensemble weather forecasts contains information about the spread of possible future weather scenarios. But how much information does it contain, and how useful is that information in predicting the probabilities of future…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen Jewson

A suitable scalar metric can help measure multi-calibration, defined as follows. When the expected values of observed responses are equal to corresponding predicted probabilities, the probabilistic predictions are known as "perfectly…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-17 Ido Guy , Daniel Haimovich , Fridolin Linder , Nastaran Okati , Lorenzo Perini , Niek Tax , Mark Tygert

Systematically biased forecasts are typically interpreted as evidence of forecasters' irrationality and/or asymmetric loss. In this paper we propose an alternative explanation: when forecasts inform policy decisions, and the resulting…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-24 Robert P. Lieli , Augusto Nieto-Barthaburu

To compare different forecasting methods on demand series we require an error measure. Many error measures have been proposed, but when demand is intermittent some become inapplicable, some give counter-intuitive results, and there is no…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-20 S. D. Prestwich , R. Rossi , S. A. Tarim , B. Hnich

This paper explores the calibration of a classifier output score in binary classification problems. A calibrator is a function that maps the arbitrary classifier score, of a testing observation, onto $[0,1]$ to provide an estimate for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Waleed A. Yousef , Issa Traore , William Briguglio

The pairwise winning indices, computed in the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis, give the probability with which an alternative is preferred to another taking into account all the instances of the assumed preference model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-29 Sally Giuseppe Arcidiacono , Salvatore Corrente , Salvatore Greco

Several problems in statistics involve the combination of high-variance unbiased estimators with low-variance estimators that are only unbiased under strong assumptions. A notable example is the estimation of causal effects while combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-25 Michael Oberst , Alexander D'Amour , Minmin Chen , Yuyan Wang , David Sontag , Steve Yadlowsky

Binary classifiers trained on a certain proportion of positive items introduce a bias when applied to data sets with different proportions of positive items. Most solutions for dealing with this issue assume that some information on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-18 Marco J. H. Puts , Piet J. H. Daas

Probability estimation models play an important role in various fields, such as weather forecasting, recommendation systems, and sports analysis. Among several models estimating probabilities, it is difficult to evaluate which model gives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Euihyeon Choi , Jooyoung Kim , Wonkyung Lee

For the binary prevalence quantification problem under prior probability shift, we determine the asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimator. We find that it is a function of the Brier score for the regression of the class label…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-23 Dirk Tasche

Prediction, where observed data is used to quantify uncertainty about a future observation, is a fundamental problem in statistics. Prediction sets with coverage probability guarantees are a common solution, but these do not provide…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Leonardo Cella , Ryan Martin

In a recurrent events setting, we introduce a new score designed to evaluate the prediction ability, for a given model, of the expected cumulative number of recurrent events. This score allows to take into account the individual history of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-03 Olivier Bouaziz

Probabilistic temperature forecasts are potentially useful to the energy and weather derivatives industries. However, at present, they are little used. There are a number of reasons for this, but we believe this is in part due to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen Jewson , Christine Ziehmann

We examine the problem of estimating the expectation values of two observables when we have a finite number of copies of an unknown qubit state. Specifically we examine whether it is better to measure each of the observables separately on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Thomas Brougham , Erika Andersson

Probabilistic forecasts must sum to unity and cannot express ``I don't know.'' Possibility theory relaxes this constraint: a subnormal distribution explicitly measures how much of the plausibility budget remains unassigned, ignorance signal…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-03 John R. Lawson

Skill scores, which measure the relative improvement of a forecasting method over a benchmark via consistent scoring functions and proper scoring rules, are a standard tool in forecast evaluation, yet their sampling uncertainty is rarely…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-06 Marc-Oliver Pohle , Tanja Zahn , Sebastian Lerch