Related papers: Degeneracy in the genetic code and its symmetries …
This paper explores the design of convolutional codes for varying constraint lengths, focusing on their role in error correction in digital communication systems. Convolutional codes are essential in achieving reliable data transmission…
An iterative decoding algorithm for convolutional codes is presented. It successively processes $N$ consecutive blocks of the received word in order to decode the first block. A bound is presented showing which error configurations can be…
The toric code can be constructed as a gauge theory of finite groups on oriented two dimensional lattices. Here we construct analogous models with the gauge fields belonging to groupoids, which are categories where every morphism has an…
We present a genetic algorithm for the atomistic design and global optimisation of substitutionally disordered bulk materials and surfaces. Premature convergence which hamper conventional genetic algorithms due to problems with…
We examine the evolution of expression patterns and the organization of genetic information in populations of self-replicating digital organisms. Seeding the experiments with a linearly expressed ancestor, we witness the development of…
Deciphering cell type heterogeneity is crucial for systematically understanding tissue homeostasis and its dysregulation in diseases. Computational deconvolution is an efficient approach estimating cell type abundances from a variety of…
The rapid advances in the field of optimization methods in many pure and applied science pose the difficulty of keeping track of the developments as well as selecting an appropriate technique that best suits the problem in-hand. From a…
Genetic programming (GP) is an evolutionary computation technique to solve problems in an automated, domain-independent way. Rather than identifying the optimum of a function as in more traditional evolutionary optimization, the aim of GP…
Quantum convolutional code was introduced recently as an alternative way to protect vital quantum information. To complete the analysis of quantum convolutional code, I report a way to decode certain quantum convolutional codes based on the…
The genetic code is connection between 64 codons, which are building blocks of the genes, and 20 amino acids, which are building blocks of the proteins. In addition to coding amino acids, a few codons code stop signal, which is at the end…
We propose that the evolutionary purpose of junk DNA is to protect the gene. Mutation agents, such as retro-viruses, hit ``decoy'' DNA most of the time. Although the argument is far from general, we propose that the percentage of junk DNA…
Recent advances in high-throughput genomics technologies have resulted in the sequencing of large numbers of (near) complete genomes. These genome sequences are being mined for important functional elements, such as genes. They are also…
In this survey on local additive invariants of real and complex definable singular germs we systematically present classical or more recent invariants of different nature as emerging from a tame degeneracy principle. For this goal, we…
The development of a large non-coding fraction in eukaryotic DNA and the phenomenon of the code-bloat in the field of evolutionary computations show a striking similarity. This seems to suggest that (in the presence of mechanisms of code…
The structure of the genetic code is discussed in formal terms. A rectangular table of the code ("the code matrix"), whose properties reveal its arithmetical content tagged with the information symbols in several notations. New parameters…
There is no proof yet of convergence of Genetic Algorithms. We do not supply it too. Instead, we present some thoughts and arguments to convince the Reader, that Genetic Algorithms are essentially bound for success. For this purpose, we…
Heterozygote disadvantage is potentially a potent driver of population genetic divergence. Also referred to as underdominance, this phenomena describes a situation where a genetic heterozygote has a lower overall fitness than either…
We propose a partitioning of the set of unlabelled, connected cubic graphs into two disjoint subsets named genes and descendants, where the cardinality of the descendants is much larger than that of the genes. The key distinction between…
This article introduces a novel binary representation of the canonical genetic code based on both the structural similarities of the nucleotides, as well as the physicochemical properties of the encoded amino acids. Each of the four mRNA…
Adaptation to changing environments is a hallmark of biological systems. Diversity in traits is necessary for adaptation and can influence the survival of a population faced with novelty. In habitats that remain stable over many…