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This set of lecture notes first gives an introduction to the geometry of principal bundles. Next, it demonstrates how they can be used to formalize the concept of gauge theories arising in physics. A basic familiarity with the differential…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Matthijs Vákár

The Einstein theory of general relativity provides a peculiar example of classical field theory ruled by non-linear partial differential equations. A number of supplementary conditions (more frequently called gauge conditions) have also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-23 Giampiero Esposito , Cosimo Stornaiolo

We recall the emergence of a generalized gauge theory from a noncommutative Riemannian spin manifold, viz. a real spectral triple $(A,H,D;J)$. This includes a gauge group determined by the unitaries in the $*$-algebra $A$ and gauge fields…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-25 Walter D. van Suijlekom

The problems of Classical Electrodynamics with the electron equation of motion and with non-integrable singularity of its self-field stress tensor are well known. They are consequences, we show, of neglecting terms that are null off the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Manoelito M. de Souza

In 1933-1934 Born and Infeld constructed the first non-linear generalization of Maxwell's electrodynamics that turned out to be a remarkable theory in many respects. In 1935 Heisenberg and Euler computed a complete effective action…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-07 Dmitri P. Sorokin

In this paper we prove in a rigorous mathematical way (using the Clifford bundle formalism) that the energies and momenta of two distinct and arbitrary free Maxwell fields (of finite energies and momenta) that are superposed are additive…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eduardo Notte-Cuello , Waldyr A. Rodrigues

A new formulation of electromagnetism based on linear differential commutator brackets is developed. Maxwell equations are derived, using these commutator brackets, from the vector potential $\vec{A}$, the scalar potential $\phi$ and the…

General Physics · Physics 2012-03-21 Arbab I. Arbab , Faisal A. Yassein

The basic physics disciplines of Maxwell's electrodynamics and Newton's mechanics have been thoroughly tested in the laboratory, but they can nevertheless also support nonphysical solutions. The unphysical nature of some dynamical…

General Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 H. R. Reiss

Consistency of $GL(3,R)$ gauge theory of gravity coupled with an external electromagnetic field, is studied. It is shown that possible restrictions on Maxwell field can be avoided through introduction of auxiliary fields.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Rolando Gaitan , Frank Vera

We develop a thermodynamic framework that couples mass dynamics, described by the Newton- Gibbs-van der Waals formalism, with electromagnetic fields beyond the scope of classical Maxwell theory. Classical Newtonian mechanics does not…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Fei Wang

This paper resolves a persistent ambiguity regarding the covariant formulation of electrodynamics in a vacuum, as well as of Minkowski's electrodynamics of moving isotropic media. By analyzing a recent debate, we demonstrate that current…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 D V Redžić

The concept of gauge invariance in classical electrodynamics assumes tacitly that Maxwell's equations have unique solutions. By calculating the electromagnetic field of a moving particle both in Lorenz and in Coulomb gauge and directly from…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Engelhardt

We consider the nonlinearly extended Einstein-Maxwell-axion theory, which is based on the account for two symmetries: first, the discrete symmetry associated with the properties of the axion field, second, the Jackson's symmetry,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-02 Alexander B. Balakin , Vladimir V. Bochkarev , Albina F. Nizamieva

We investigate non-linear generalization of Maxwell theory of electromagnetic field keeping the gauge invariance of Lagrangian. New theory, which is standard Yang-Mills theory, is based on Harmonic Oscillator HO(4,R) gauge group. It's a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Arthur M. Aslanyan

Using noncommutative geometry we do U(1) gauge theory on the permutation group $S_3$. Unlike usual lattice gauge theories the use of a nonAbelian group here as spacetime corresponds to a background Riemannian curvature. In this background…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-25 Shahn Majid , E. Raineri

We propose an electric-magnetic symmetry group in non-abelian gauge theory, which we call the skeleton group. We work in the context of non-abelian unbroken gauge symmetry, and provide evidence for our proposal by relating the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 L. Kampmeijer , F. A. Bais , B. J. Schroers , J. K. Slingerland

We give a detailed description of electrodynamics as an emergent theory from condensed-matter-like structures, not only {\it per se} but also as a warm-up for the study of the much more complex case of gravity. We will concentrate on two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-12 Carlos Barceló , Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Luis J. Garay , Gil Jannes

"Physical theories of fundamental significance tend to be gauge theories. These are theories in which the physical system being dealt with is described by more variables than there are physically independent degree of freedom. The…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Germain Rousseaux

We identify new families of duality-invariant theories of electrodynamics. We achieve this in two different ways. On the one hand, we present an algorithm to construct a one-parameter family of exactly duality-invariant theories from a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-11 Ángel J. Murcia

Recently there has been a surge of new experimental proposals to search for ultra-light axion dark matter with axion mass, $m_a\lesssim1\,\mu$eV. Many of these proposals search for small oscillating magnetic fields induced in or around a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-03-14 J. L. Ouellet , Z. Bogorad