Related papers: Particles and Shells
In order to explain the empirical integer multiple rule for the stable mesons and baryons presented in the preceding paper we assume that the particles are held together in a cubic nuclear lattice. This is a novel approach to the particles,…
The size of the stable elementary particles is investigated with the standing wave model. The particle size follows from the magnitude of the radiation pressure. It is shown that the outward directed radiation pressure is balanced by the…
We investigate the shell structure of spherical nuclear bubbles in simple phenomenological shell model potentials. The shell correction energies for doubly magic bubbles may be as large as -40 MeV and probably imply a very long lifetime…
Shell corrections are important in the determination of nuclear ground-state masses and shapes. Although general arguments favor a regular single-particle dynamics, symmetry-breaking and the presence of chaotic layers cannot be excluded.…
We have determined theoretically the rest mass of the muon neutrino at 50 milli-eV and the rest mass of the electron neutrino at 5 meV, as well as, to 1% accuracy, the ratio of the masses of the stable elementary particles which decay by…
An alternative approach to the Standard Model is outlined, being motivated by the increasing theoretical and experimental difficulties encountered by this model, which furthermore fails to be unitary. In particular, the conceptual…
We investigate the shell structure of bubble nuclei in simple phenomenological shell models and study their binding energy as a function of the radii and of the number of neutron and protons using Strutinsky's method. Shell effects come…
The appearance and disappearance of shells and subshells are determined using a previously introduced method of structural analysis. This work extends the approach and applies it to protons, in addition to neutrons, in an attempt to provide…
In this paper we review the experimental and observational searches for stable, massive, elementary particles other than the electron and proton. The particles may be neutral, may have unit charge or may have fractional charge. They may…
Shell effects in atomic nuclei are a quantum mechanical manifestation of the single--particle motion of the nucleons. They are directly related to the structure and fluctuations of the single--particle spectrum. Our understanding of these…
The rest masses of the electron, the muon and of the stable mesons and baryons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses only photons, neutrinos, charge and the weak nuclear force. We do not need…
Quasicrystals whose building blocks are of mesoscopic rather than atomic scale have recently been discovered in several soft-matter systems. Contrary to metallurgic quasicrystals whose source of stability remains a question of great debate…
From the well-known decays of the particles follows that the mesons and baryons consist of a $\gamma$-branch and a neutrino branch. From the well-known masses of the particles follows that the masses of the $\gamma$-branch particles are…
In a model where a multiverse wavefunction explores a multitude of vacua with different symmetries and parameters, properties of universes closely related to ours can be understood by examining the consequences of small departures of…
We consider thin spherical shells of matter in both Newtonian gravity and general relativity, and examine their equilibrium configurations and dynamical stability. Thin-shell models are admittedly a poor substitute for realistic stellar…
The results of a numerical investigation of fluidized beds of spherical particles in a narrow vertical cylindrical pipe, with particular attention to the spontaneous settling along the wall, are reported. Starting from a steady fluidized…
Design of microparticles which stabilize at the centerline of a channel flow when part of a dilute suspension is examined numerically for moderate Reynolds numbers ($10 \le Re \le 80$). Stability metrics for particles with arbitrary shapes…
The nonbaryonic dark matter of the Universe is assumed to consist of new stable forms of matter. Their stability reflects symmetry of micro world and mechanisms of its symmetry breaking. Particle candidates for cosmological dark matter are…
We describe a series of experiments involving the creation of cylindrical packings of star-shaped particles, and an exploration of the stability of these packings. The stars cover a broad range of arm sizes and frictional properties. We…
In contemporary particle physics, the masses of fundamental particles are incalculable constants, being supplied by experimental values. Inspired by observation of the empirical particle mass spectrum, and their corresponding physical…