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Advances in Deep Learning bring further investigation into credibility and robustness, especially for safety-critical engineering applications such as the nuclear industry. The key challenges include the availability of data set (often…
The primordial abundance of deuterium (D/H) yields a measure of the density of baryons in the universe and is an important complement to determinations from cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. Indeed, the current small sample of…
Security risks from AI have motivated calls for international agreements that guardrail the technology. However, even if states could agree on what rules to set on AI, the problem of verifying compliance might make these agreements…
Runaway electron termination on plasma facing components can trigger material explosions that are accompanied by the expulsion of fast solid debris. Due to the large kinetic energies of the ejected dust particles, their subsequent…
AI-enabled military systems are a fixture of modern military conflict. Applications vary from autonomous drones for surveillance and attack to AI-supported target selection. The importance of AI for modern conflict shows also in public…
Within the last decade much progress has been made in the experimental realisation of quantum computing hardware based on a variety of physical systems. Rapid progress has been fuelled by the conviction that sufficiently powerful quantum…
The neutrino-electron scattering process is a powerful tool to explore new physics beyond the standard model. Recently the possibility of DUNE Near Detector (ND) to constrain various new physics scenarios using this process have been…
Some key issues in AGN and galaxy formation are discussed. Very successful Unified Models explain much of the variety of AGN with orientation effects; ingredients are shadowing by a dusty "torus" and relativistic beaming. A spinoff result…
Deep learning-based time series models are being extensively utilized in engineering and manufacturing industries for process control and optimization, asset monitoring, diagnostic and predictive maintenance. These models have shown great…
Fusion energy is often regarded as a long-term solution to the world's energy needs. However, even after solving the critical research challenges, engineering and materials science will still impose significant constraints on the…
Materials exposed to ultrashort intense x-ray irradiation may experience various damaging conditions depending on the in-situ temperature. A pre-heated target exposed to intense x-rays plays a crucial role in numerous systems of…
The combination of a powerful and broadly applicable nuclear hyperpolarization technique with emerging (near-)zero-field modalities offer novel opportunities in a broad range of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging…
Discussions regarding the dual use of foundation models and the risks they pose have overwhelmingly focused on a narrow set of use cases and national security directives-in particular, how AI may enable the efficient construction of a class…
Deep Neural Networks were first developed decades ago, but it was not until recently that they started being extensively used, due to their computing power requirements. Since then, they are increasingly being applied to many fields and…
In an attempt to replicate work performed elsewhere [1], we have searched for x-ray induced nuclear activation of deuterated materials. Our first results, reported in September 2015, showed no evidence of nuclear activation, contrary to the…
The idea of a novel labeling method is suggested for a new way of long-term security identification, inventory tracking, prevention of falsification and theft of waste casks, copper canisters, spent fuel containers, mercury containers,…
Machine learning models are now widely deployed in real-world applications. However, the existence of adversarial examples has been long considered a real threat to such models. While numerous defenses aiming to improve the robustness have…
The physics potential of an intense source of low-energy muons is studied. Such a source is a necessary stage towards building the neutrino factories and muon colliders which are being considered at present. The CERN Neutrino Factory could…
The fragmentation of two aerospace aluminum alloys is investigated in a ground testing facility including mechanical loads as occurring due to aerodynamic forces in a real atmospheric entry event at three trajectory points. The emission…
Ion thruster is a revolution technology with potential applications in space mission but the thrusters operation lifetime is limited by the sputtering from thruster components. In this work, molecular dynamic simulations are performed to…