Related papers: Modelling of Standard Solid Angle
In optical metrology, grating-like structures are used as tools to evaluate the performance of lithographic techniques. In particular, several shape parameters characterize those structures. One of them, termed side-wall angle, suffers from…
A previous two-step hydrodynamic model calculation of angle-resolved photoemission has been improved by modeling the surface with a soft analytic function. The same ground-state potential is used to screen the photon field and to calculate…
We show that a classical imaging criterion based on angular dependence of small-angle phase can be applied to any system composed of planar, uniform media to determine if it is a flat lens capable of forming a real paraxial image and to…
In the last two decades, Fresnel diffraction (FD) of a plane wave from phase steps has been systematically studied and applied for precise measurements of light wavelength, and height and refractive index of the step. In this study we…
The optical path lengths travelled by rays across a wavefront essentially determine the resulting phase front irrespective of the shape of a medium according to the principle of equal optical path. Thereupon we propose a method for the…
Spectroscopic photoemission microscopy is a well-established method to investigate the electronic structure of surfaces. In modern photoemission microscopes the electron optics allows imaging of the image plane, momentum plane, or…
The possibility of the precise measurement of the electron beam energy using absorption of radiation by electrons in a static and homogeneous magnetic field in a range up to a few hundred GeV energies, was considered in [1]. With the…
We present a method for simultaneously measuring the phase fronts of three or more RF fields using thermal Rydberg atoms. We demonstrate this method using an all-dielectric atomic electrometer acting in a heterodyne configuration to detect…
The advantages of convergent beam electron diffraction for symmetry determination at the scale of a few nm are well known. In practice, the approach is often limited due to the restriction on the angular range of the electron beam imposed…
A method for photon linear polarization determination based on the measurement of the asymmetry of pairs produced by polarized photons in single crystals within the optimal intervals of pair particles energies is proposed. In difference to…
We discuss the potential creation and measurement of coherences in both dispersive solids and qubit-like single levels using current generation time- and angle-resolved photoemission technology. We show that in both cases, when both the…
The standard technique for measuring the phase of a single mode field is heterodyne detection. Such a measurement may have an uncertainty far above the intrinsic quantum phase uncertainty of the state. Recently it has been shown [H. M.…
The critical point is a fixed point in finite-size scaling. To quantify the behaviour of such a fixed point, we define, at a given temperature and scaling exponent ratio, the width of scaled observables for different sizes. The minimum of…
We prove the invariance of the contact angle in liquid-solid wetting phenomena : an electrified droplet is spreading on a solid surface. The drop is minimizing its energy. We express the differential of this energy with respect to the shape…
We propose angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of aerosol particles as an alternative way to determine the electron mean free path of low energy electrons in solid and liquid materials. The mean free path is obtained from fits of…
Phase diffusion represents a crucial obstacle towards the implementation of high precision interferometric measurements and phase shift based communication channels. Here we present a nearly optimal interferometric scheme based on homodyne…
The visualization of pure phase objects by wavefront sensing has important applications ranging from surface profiling to biomedical microscopy, and generally requires bulky and complicated setups involving optical spatial filtering,…
We present an application of a quadrature phase interferometer to the measurement of the angular position of a parallel laser beam with interferometric precision. In our experimental realization we reach a resolution of 6.8e-10 rad (1.4e-4…
We show that it is possible to define a purely Photometric Fundamental Plane (PFP) for early-type galaxies. This relation is similar to the standard Fundamental Plane (FP), and is obtained by replacing the velocity dispersion parameter with…
Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…