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Exoplanets mass measurements will be a critical next step to assess the habitability of Earth-like planets: a key aspect of the 2020 vision in the previous decadal survey and also central to NASA's strategic priorities. Precision astrometry…
Geospatial foundation models (GeoFMs) promise broad generalisation capacity for Earth observation (EO) tasks, particularly under data-limited conditions. However, their large size poses a barrier to deployment on resource-constrained space…
With the intensification of global climate change, accurate prediction of weather indicators is of great significance in disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and transportation. Precipitation, as one of the key…
The work which we present takes place within the framework of mission SMOS of the ESA which will consist to send a radiometer (1.4 GHz) in space. The goal of the research which we propose is the improvement of the comprehension of the…
The Atacama Desert has long been established as an excellent site for submillimeter observations. Yet identifying potentially optimal locations for a new facility within this region can require long field campaigns that rely on the…
The NASA/ASI Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, which will be launched in 2021, will be the first instrument to perform spatially resolved X-ray polarimetry on several astronomical sources in the 2-8 keV energy band. These measurements are…
This document describes the architecture and algorithms of a high fidelity fixed wing flight simulator intended to test and validate novel guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) algorithms for autonomous aircraft. It aims to replicate the…
Current Earth observation benchmarks focus on measuring performance on diverse tasks and applications, typically measuring generalization in-distribution. But when models are deployed, they must generalize to myriad out-of-distribution…
Propensity score matching is a common tool for adjusting for observed confounding in observational studies, but is known to have limitations in the presence of unmeasured confounding. In many settings, researchers are confronted with…
Modern astronomical surveys such as the Large Synoptic Sky Survey (LSST) promise an unprecedented wealth of discoveries, delivered in the form of ~10 million alerts of time-variable events per night. Astronomers are faced with the daunting…
In recent years, ground-based gamma-ray observatories have made a number of important astrophysical discoveries which have attracted the attention of the wider scientific community. The Division of Astrophysics of the American Physical…
The SVOM mission, a Sino-French collaboration dedicated to Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and transient sources, began scientific operations in 2025. This paper describes the ground computing infrastructure and user support tools for SVOM's three…
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of ground-based support for space missions, primarily PSP, using large Ukrainian decameter radio telescopes. Another goal of the work is to carry out cross calibration of the…
This paper presents research findings on handling faulty measurements (i.e., outliers) of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for vehicle localization under adverse signal conditions in field applications, where raw GNSS data are…
Models of the geomagnetic field rely on magnetic data of high spatial and temporal resolution. The magnetic data from low-Earth orbit satellites of dedicated magnetic survey missions such as CHAMP and Swarm play a key role in the…
Climate change is intensifying rainfall extremes, making high-resolution precipitation projections crucial for society to better prepare for impacts such as flooding. However, current Global Climate Models (GCMs) operate at spatial…
Operational deployment of a fully automated facility-scale greenhouse gas (GHG) plume detection system remains challenging for fine spatial resolution imaging spectrometers, despite recent advances in deep learning approaches. With the…
If climate stationarity is dead, how should engineering design standards be modified to account for potential changes in extreme precipitation? Many standards rely on precipitation intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves provided in…
An accurate and precise understanding of global irrigation usage is crucial for a variety of climate science efforts. Irrigation is highly energy-intensive, and as population growth continues at its current pace, increases in crop need and…
Improving the representation of precipitation in Earth system models (ESMs) is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change and especially of extreme events like floods and droughts. In existing ESMs, precipitation is not resolved…