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Electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection is thought to play a key role in time-variable high-energy emission from astrophysical systems. By means of particle-in-cell simulations of trans-relativistic reconnection, we investigate…
Relativistic quantum mechanics predicts that when the charge of a superheavy atomic nucleus surpasses a certain threshold, the resulting strong Coulomb field causes an unusual atomic collapse state; this state exhibits an electron wave…
A radiative mechanism is proposed for magnetic flares near luminous accreting black holes. It is based on recent first-principle simulations of magnetic reconnection, which show a hierarchical chain of fast-moving plasmoids. The…
A setup of a unique x-ray source is put forward employing a relativistic electron beam interacting with two counter-propagating laser pulses in the nonlinear few-photon regime. In contrast to Compton scattering sources, the envisaged x-ray…
Chandra's high resolution observations of radio galaxies require a revisit of the relevant electron acceleration processes. Although the diffusive shock particle acceleration model may explain spectra of spatially unresolved sources, it…
Core hole photoemission (XPS) provides a powerful indirect probe of the low energy excitations of a many electron system. We argue that XPS can be used to study the way in which a gap opens at a metal-superconductor or metal- insulator…
The nature of fast radio bursts (FRBs), which occurs on millisecond time scales in the radio band, has not been well-understood. Among their unknown observational properties are their broadband spectra and persistent and transient…
Coupling between spin, orbital, charge, and lattice degrees of freedom in transition-metal oxides produces a variety of electronic and magnetic phenomena of importance for future technologies. Here, we explore the electronic band structure…
The review is devoted to the modern investigations of electromagnetic radiation by relativistic charged particles propagating with constant velocity through the periodic media. Two examples of radiation are considered in this review, the…
Planar superconducting resonators are essential components in quantum circuits and highly sensitive sensors. However, their performance is often compromised by magnetic flux penetration, as the interaction of flux quanta and the induced…
In portable, three dimensional, and ultra-fast ultrasound imaging systems, there is an increasing demand for the reconstruction of high quality images from a limited number of radio-frequency (RF) measurements due to receiver (Rx) or…
We investigate the acceleration and transport of electrons in the highly fine-structured current sheet that develops during magnetic flux rope (MFR) eruptions. Our work combines ultra-resolved MHD simulations of MFR eruption, with…
The hard X-ray emission from magnetars and other isolated neutron stars remains under-explored. An instrument with higher sensitivity to hard X-rays is critical to understanding the physics of neutron star magnetospheres and also the…
Star quakes and internal phase transitions within anomalous x-ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft $\gamma$-ray repeaters (SGRs) can produce mini contractions and pulsar glitches. Shocks break out from their surface following such contractions…
Fast radio bursts are mysterious millisecond-duration transients prevalent in the radio sky. Rapid accumulation of data in recent years has facilitated an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of these events. Knowledge gained…
The analytical approach developed by us for the calculation of the phase diagram for the Anderson localization via disorder [J.Phys.: Condens. Matter 14, 13777 (2002)] is generalized here to the case of a strong magnetic field when $q$…
The recent discovery of a Galactic fast radio burst (FRB) occurring simultaneously with an X-ray burst (XRB) from the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 implies that at least some FRBs arise from magnetar activities. We propose that FRBs are…
In-situ plasma processing of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is a performance recovery technique used to mitigate the field emission limiting phenomenon. It has been proved very effective at major particle accelerator…
We study the Compton scattering of x-rays off electrons that are driven by a relativistically intense short optical laser pulse. The frequency spectrum of the laser-assisted Compton radiation shows a broad plateau in the vicinity of the…
We report on observation of a fine structure of microwave-induced resistance oscillations in an ultraclean two-dimensional electron gas. This fine structure is manifested by multiple secondary sharp extrema, residing beside the primary…