Related papers: An information-theoretic formulation of Newton's s…
Thermodynamics is commonly presented as a theory of macroscopic systems in stable equilibrium, built upon assumptions of extensivity and scaling with system size. In this paper, we present a universal formulation of the elementary…
The exact equations of motion for microscopic density of classical particles number with account of inter-particle interactions and external field in closed form are derived. An integral equation for equilibrium distributions of the…
We present a pair-wise force law in a system of N particles that produces analytic solutions for arbitrary number of particles, masses, and initial conditions. Each pair of particles interacts via a force that is proportional to the product…
A variational principle is further developed for out of equilibrium dynamical systems by using the concept of maximum entropy. With this new formulation it is obtained a set of two first-order differential equations, revealing the same…
Newton's law of motion relative to an inertial frame ("the laboratory") for a particle subject to a force acting at a certain time may be interpreted in either of two ways: (1) The force acting on the particle during an infinitesimal time…
I argue here that both the first and second laws of thermodynamics, generally understood to be quintessentially physical in nature, can be equally well described as being about certain types of information without the need to invoke…
We show that the law of energy conservation with the fact of matter stability imply the existence of energy complementary to that given by the function of states of interacting systems and treated, with the environment, the function of…
It is shown that the entropic force formula $F_e=-\lambda\partial S/\partial A$ leads to a Newtonian $r^{-2}$ dependence. Here we employ the universal property of the information entropy $S=a+b\ln N$ ($N$ is the number of particles of a…
We discuss contributions to the thermopower in an electron fluid. A simple argument based on Newton's second law with the pressure gradient as the force suggests that the thermopower is given by a thermodynamic derivative, viz., the entropy…
An interesting question to explore in physics classes is whether gravity violates the second law of thermodynamics. Standard physics textbooks provide little to no discussion of the relationship between entropy and gravity, and the same is…
We derive an exact (classical and quantum) expression for the entropy production of a finite system placed in contact with one or several finite reservoirs each of which is initially described by a canonical equilibrium distribution.…
The explanation of the apparent universality of thermodynamics points toward the extension of the usual conceptual background of the second law. Arguments are collected that a basic guiding idea of stability of thermodynamic equilibrium…
The population dynamics and stability of ecosystems of interacting species is studied from the perspective of non-equilibrium thermodynamics by assuming that species, through their biotic and abiotic interactions, are units of entropy…
The irreversible entropy increase described by the second law of thermodynamics is fundamentally tied to thermalization and the emergence of equilibrium. In the first part of our work (Ref: arXiv.2503.04152), we constructed an isolated gas…
The 2nd law of thermodynamics yields an irreversible increase in entropy until thermal equilibrium is achieved. This irreversible increase is often assumed to require large and complex systems to emerge from the reversible microscopic laws…
In quantum statistical mechanics, equilibrium states have been shown to be the typical states for a system that is entangled with its environment, suggesting a possible identification between thermodynamic and von Neumann entropies. In this…
We show that gravitational mass and inertial mass are correlated by an adimentional factor, which in specific electromagnetic conditions, can be reduced, nullified, negated, and increased. Some theoretical consequences of the mentioned…
We report model calculations of the time-dependent internal energy and entropy for a single quasi-free massive quantum particle at a constant temperature. We show that the whole process started from a fully coherent quantum state to…
Nonreciprocal interactions that violate Newton's law 'actio=reactio' are ubiquitous in nature and are currently intensively investigated in active matter, chemical reaction networks, population dynamics, and many other fields. An…
The approach to the analysis of the dynamic of non-equilibrium open systems within the framework of the laws of classical mechanics on the example a hard-disks is offered. This approach was based on Hamilton and Liouville generalized…