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In this chapter, we demonstrate a general formulation of the Finite Element Method allowing to calculate the diffraction efficiencies from the electromagnetic field diffracted by arbitrarily shaped gratings embedded in a multilayered stack…

Optics · Physics 2013-02-06 Guillaume Demésy , Frédéric Zolla , André Nicolet , Benjamin Vial

Interfering deep ultraviolet (DUV) lasers can induce substantial density modulations in an ozone-doped gas flow via photochemical reactions, creating volume diffraction gratings. These transient optics are immune to target debris and…

Both theoretical and numerical analyses are conducted to investigate terahertz (THz) radiation emission from free-electron lasers. The angular and spectral characteristics of radiation are analytically evaluated leveraging Linenard Wiechert…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 A. A. Molavi Choobini , S. S. Ghaffari-Oskooei , F. Farahi , F. M. Aghamir

In this paper, an analytical theory for the diffraction of a Bessel beam of arbitrary order $J_l(\kappa r)$ on a 2D amplitude grating is presented. The diffraction pattern in the main and fractional Talbot planes under certain conditions is…

Optics · Physics 2020-06-24 I. A. Kotelnikov , O. E. Kameshkov , B. A. Knyazev

Diffraction gratings with large angular dispersion rates are central to obtaining high spectral resolution in grating spectrometers operating over a broad spectral range from infrared to soft-x-ray domains. The greatest challenge is of…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-18 Yuri Shvyd'ko

We describe a dispersive unit consisting of cascaded volume-phase holographic gratings for spectroscopic applications. Each of the gratings provides high diffractive efficiency in a relatively narrow wavelength range and transmits the rest…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-04 Eduard R. Muslimov , Gennady G. Valyavin , Sergei N. Fabrika , Nadezhda K. Pavlycheva

High absorption in a wide frequency band has attracted considerable interest since their potential applications in frequency spectrum imaging systems and anti-radar cloaking. In this paper, a polarization-independent, ultra-broadband and…

Optics · Physics 2014-09-23 Cheng Shi , XiaoFei Zang , XueBin Ji , Lin Chen , Bin Cai , YiMing Zhu

Volume-phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) are widely used in astronomical spectrographs due to their adaptability and high diffraction efficiency. Most VPHGs in operation use dichromated gelatin as a recording material, whose performance is…

In \v{C}erenkov and Smith-Purcell free-electron lasers (FELs), a resonant interaction between the electron beam and the co-propagating surface mode can produce copious amount of coherent terahertz (THz) radiation. We perform a…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-12-22 Yashvir Kalkal , Vinit Kumar

Terawatt x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require high current densities with strong transverse focusing. The implications on harmonic generation are discussed using the MINERVA simulation code which self-consistently includes harmonic…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Henry P. Freund , Patrick G. O'Shea

The nonlinear metamaterials have been shown to provide nonlinear properties with high nonlinear conversion efficiency and in a myriad of light manipulation. Here we study terahertz generation from nonlinear metasurface consisting of single…

We present a systematic study of high-contrast dielectric gratings operating as broadband quarter-wave plates in the terahertz range. Using higher-order effective medium theory, we identify an achromatic operating regime characterized by a…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-07 Oleg Kameshkov , Rajour Tanyi Ako , Madhu Bhaskaran , Ilya Shadrivov

We have developed low-dispersion (1480 l/mm), resonance-free, diffraction gratings made of dielectric materials resistant to femtosecond laser damage $(SiO_{2}/HfO_{2})$. A 14 cm diameter sample was fabricated resulting in a mean…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-05-22 David A. Alessi , Hoang T. Nguyen , Jerald A. Britten , Paul A. Rosso , Constantin Haefner

Planar microcavities with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) host, besides confined optical modes, also mechanical resonances due to stop bands in the phonon dispersion relation of the DBRs. These resonances have frequencies in the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 T. Czerniuk , C. Brueggemann , J. Tepper , S. Brodbeck , C. Schneider , M. Kamp , S. Hoefling , B. A. Glavin , D. R. Yakovlev , A. V. Akimov , M. Bayer

Experimental studies of the backward wave oscillator with a ''grid'' diffraction grating that is formed by a periodic set of metallic threads inside a rectangular waveguide are proceeded with study of the generation intensity as a function…

Typical parameters of electron bunches available now in undulator X-ray FELs enable generation of induced radiation in crystal-based X-ray VFEL. An important peculiarity of an undulator X-ray FEL is electron bunch spatial modulation with…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 V. G. Baryshevsky

The x-ray vortex optical beam, distinguished by its topological charge and orbital angular momentum, offers new insights in probing complex electronic structures, enhancing material characterization, and advancing high-resolution imaging…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-26 Zhikai Zhou , Yin Kang , Weishi Wan , Chao Feng

We present a theoretical study of a spectral filter, which consists of a diffraction grating, a coupling lens, and an optical fiber. As the diffracted beam is highly dispersed spatially, coupling into an optical fiber naturally creates a…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-25 Seonjong Ryu , Jinpyo Jeong , Mintae Kang , Taemin Son , Andy Chong

We discuss the applicability of holographically recorded gratings in photopolymers and holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals as neutron optical elements. An experimental investigation of their properties for light and neutrons with…

Terahertz (THz) lasers on optically pumped multiple-graphene-layer (MGL) structures as their active region are proposed and evaluated. The developed device model accounts for the interband and intraband transitions in the degenerate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 V. Ryzhii , A. A. Dubinov , T. Otsuji , V. Mitin , M. S. Shur