Related papers: Measuring the Earth with Traceroute

Data sent over the Internet can be monitored and manipulated by intermediate entities in the data path from the source to the destination. For unencrypted communications (and some encrypted communications with known weaknesses),…

Both capacity and latency are crucial performance metrics for the optimal operation of most networking services and applications, from online gaming to futuristic holographic-type communications. Networks worldwide have witnessed important…

On-line social networks have grown quickly over the last few years and nowadays many people use them frequently. Furthermore the emergence of smartphones allows to access these networks any time from any physical location. Among the social…

We recommend an intensive effort to survey and understand the obliquity distribution of small close-in extrasolar planets over the coming decade. The orbital obliquities of exoplanets--i.e., the relative orientation between the planetary…

Smartphone is a powerful internet connected computer packed with internal sensors that measure sound, light, acceleration and magnetic field strength. Physics teachers can use them as measurement devices to demonstrate science concepts and…

We study networks that connect points in geographic space, such as transportation networks and the Internet. We find that there are strong signatures in these networks of topography and use patterns, giving the networks shapes that are…

Routing policies used in the Internet can be restrictive, limiting communication between source-destination pairs to one path, when often better alternatives exist. To avoid route flapping, recovery mechanisms may be dampened, making…

Information transmission via communication between agents is ubiquitous on Earth, and is a vital facet of living systems. In this paper, we aim to quantify this rate of information transmission associated with Earth's biosphere and…

Social networks are of interest to researchers in part because they are thought to mediate the flow of information in communities and organizations. Here we study the temporal dynamics of communication using on-line data, including e-mail…

Traveling to different destinations is a big part of our lives. We visit a variety of locations both during our daily lives and when we're on vacation. How can we find the best way to navigate from one place to another? Perhaps we can test…

A microscopic description of packet transport in the Internet by using a simple cellular automaton model is presented. A generalised exclusion process is introduced which allows to study travel times of the particles ('data packets') along…

Internet traffic on a network link can be modeled as a stochastic process. After detecting and quantifying the properties of this process, using statistical tools, a series of mathematical models is developed, culminating in one that is…

Manifolds are complex topological spaces that can be used to represent datasets of real-world measurements. Visualizing such manifolds can help with illustrating their topological characteristics (e.g., curvature) and providing insights…

A variety of terrestrial planets with different physical parameters and exotic atmospheres might plausibly exist outside our Solar System, waiting to be detected by the next generation of space-exploration missions. Some of these planets…

The metric dimension of a graph is the smallest number of nodes required to identify all other nodes based on shortest path distances uniquely. Applications of metric dimension include discovering the source of a spread in a network,…

Some recent papers proposed the use of the satellite images of Google Earth in teaching physics, in particular to see some behaviours of waves. Reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference are easy to be found in these satellite…

Many geophysical processes can be modelled by using interconnected networks. The small-world network model has recently attracted much attention in physics and applied sciences. In this paper, we try to use and modify the small-world theory…

Using theoretical results presented in former papers, two prototypes were developed, aiming at estimating within minutes the cost of a fibre network deployment on a given territory. The first one helps defining the limit of an urban…

Transmission spectroscopy of Earth-like exoplanets is a potential tool for habitability screening. Transiting planets are present-day "Rosetta Stones" for understanding extrasolar planets because they offer the possibility to characterize…

Internet is a complex network composed by several networks: the Autonomous Systems, each one designed to transport information efficiently. Routing protocols aim to find paths between nodes whenever it is possible (i.e., the network is not…