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The development of robust, real-time optical methods for the detection and tracking of particles in complex multiple scattering media is a problem of practical importance in a number of fields, including environmental monitoring, air…
Mass spectrometry is a widely used method to study molecules and processes in medicine, life sciences, chemistry, catalysis, and industrial product quality control, among many other applications. One of the main features of some mass…
A In this work, an experimental approach is introduced to redistribute optical energy among the multiple concentric core rings of high-order R-TEM laser modes, differing from conventional high-order R-TEM modes that inherently exhibit…
Searching for novel molecules with desired chemical properties is crucial in drug discovery. Existing work focuses on developing neural models to generate either molecular sequences or chemical graphs. However, it remains a big challenge to…
This chapter is a collection of techniques, warnings, facts and ideas that are sometimes regarded as theoretical curiosities in high-energy physics but have important consequences in condensed matter physics. In particular, we describe…
The identification of extraterrestrial life is one the most exciting and challenging endeavors in space research. The existence of extinct or extant life can be inferred from biogenic elements, isotopes, and molecules, but accurate and…
A network of nanomachines (NMs) can be used to build a target detection system for a variety of promising applications. They have the potential to detect toxic chemicals, infectious bacteria, and biomarkers of dangerous diseases such as…
The automatic analysis of chemical literature has immense potential to accelerate the discovery of new materials and drugs. Much of the critical information in patent documents and scientific articles is contained in figures, depicting the…
The combination of modern scientific computing with electronic structure theory can lead to an unprecedented amount of data amenable to intelligent data analysis for the identification of meaningful, novel, and predictive structure-property…
In general, most of the substances in nature exist in mixtures, and the noninvasive identification of mixture composition with high speed and accuracy remains a difficult task. However, the development of Raman spectroscopy, machine…
The matrix element method (MEM) has been extensively used for the analysis of top-quark and W-boson physics at the Tevatron, but in general without dedicated treatment of initial state QCD radiation. At the LHC, the increased center of mass…
Micromegas is presently in use by many experiments providing enhanced performance when used in high particle environment. Compared with other solid-state detectors or conventional gas counters Micromegas is robust and radiation hard. Recent…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be considered one of the most effective techniques in both clinical diagnostic medical field and biomedicine, as it allows to obtain images anatomy of the body and its various parts and information…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging has become nowadays an indispensable tool with applications ranging from medicine to material science. However, so far the physical limits of the maximum achievable experimental contrast were unknown. We introduce…
We propose a method for performing material identification from radiographs without energy-resolved measurements. Material identification has a wide variety of applications, including in biomedical imaging, nondestructive testing, and…
Non-invasive light scattering methods provide data on biological macromolecules (i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, as well as assemblies and larger entities composed of them) that are complementary with those of size exclusion chromatography,…
A highly sensitive, general, and preferably nondestructive technique to detect polar molecules would greatly advance a number of fields, in particular quantum science with cold and ultracold molecules. Here, we propose using resonant energy…
Two-dimensional materials and their van der Waals heterostructures enable a large range of applications, including label-free biosensing. Lattice mismatch and work function difference in the heterostructure material result in strain and…
We study high-energy emission from the mergers of neutron star binaries as electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational waves aside from short gamma-ray bursts. The mergers entail significant mass ejection, which interacts with the…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…