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Related papers: Entropy and inference, revisited

200 papers

We present a new class of estimators of Shannon entropy for severely undersampled discrete distributions. It is based on a generalization of an estimator proposed by T. Schuermann, which itself is a generalization of an estimator proposed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Peter Grassberger

The quantification of uncertainty is important for the adoption of machine learning, especially to reject out-of-distribution (OOD) data back to human experts for review. Yet progress has been slow, as a balance must be struck between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Derek Everett , Andre T. Nguyen , Luke E. Richards , Edward Raff

This paper introduces a comprehensive framework for complex-valued probability measures and explores their novel applications in information theory and statistical analysis. We define a complex probability measure as a phase-modulated…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Siang Cheng , Hejun Xu , Tianxiao Pang

A mathematical interpretation of the usual definition of entropy (for a discrete probability distribution or a trace 1 positive operator) is given. This formulation makes some properties of entropy immediate.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eliahu Levy

The design of a metric between probability distributions is a longstanding problem motivated by numerous applications in Machine Learning. Focusing on continuous probability distributions on the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, we introduce…

We revisit the question of priors that achieve approximate matching of Bayesian and frequentist predictive probabilities. Such priors may be thought of as providing frequentist calibration of Bayesian prediction or simply as devices for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Trevor J. Sweeting

Bayesian models that mix multiple Dirichlet prior parameters, called Multi-Dirichlet priors (MD) in this paper, are gaining popularity. Inferring mixing weights and parameters of mixed prior distributions seems tricky, as sums over…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-18 Christoph Carl Kling

We study a quantity called discrete layered entropy, which approximates the Shannon entropy within a logarithmic gap. Compared to the Shannon entropy, the discrete layered entropy is piecewise linear, approximates the expected length of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Cheuk Ting Li

We present a notion of precompactness, and study some of its properties, in the context of apartness spaces whose apartness structure is not necessarily induced by any uniform one. The presentation lies entirely with a Bishop-style…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Douglas S Bridges

Given $iid$ observations from an unknown absolute continuous distribution defined on some domain $\Omega$, we propose a nonparametric method to learn a piecewise constant function to approximate the underlying probability density function.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-13 Dangna Li , Kun Yang , Wing Hung Wong

We present an extension of the famous Littlewood-Offord problem when Bernoulli distributions are replaced with discrete log-concave distributions. A variant of the Littlewood-Offord problem for arithmetic progressions, as well as an…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Arnaud Marsiglietti , James Melbourne

Dirichlet distributions are probability measures on the unit simplex. They are often used as prior distributions in modeling categorical data, such as in topic analysis of text data. Motivated by this application, we consider Monte Carlo…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Ayeong Lee

Consider the task of generating samples from a tilted distribution of a random vector whose underlying distribution is unknown, but samples from it are available. This finds applications in fields such as finance and climate science, and in…

The concept of entropy, firstly introduced in information theory, rapidly became popular in many applied sciences via Shannon's formula to measure the degree of heterogeneity among observations. A rather recent research field aims at…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-20 Linda Altieri , Daniela Cocchi , Giulia Roli

Given i.i.d. data from an unknown distribution, we consider the problem of predicting future items. An adaptive way to estimate the probability density is to recursively subdivide the domain to an appropriate data-dependent granularity. A…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

Within the setting of rare event modelling, the method of level sets allows us to define an equivalence relation over rare events with distinct rates of entropy production. This method allows us to clarify the relation between the empirical…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Aidan Rocke

The study of properties of mean functionals of random probability measures is an important area of research in the theory of Bayesian nonparametric statistics. Many results are now known for random Dirichlet means, but little is known,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-24 Lancelot F. James , Antonio Lijoi , Igor Prünster

A Bayesian nonparametric estimator to entropy is proposed. The derivation of the new estimator relies on using the Dirichlet process and adapting the well-known frequentist estimators of Vasicek (1976) and Ebrahimi, Pflughoeft and Soofi…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Luai Al-Labadi , Viskakh Patel , Kasra Vakiloroayaei , Clement Wan

The exponential decay of the relative entropy associated to a fully discrete porous-medium equation in one space dimension is shown by means of a discrete Bakry-Emery approach. The first ingredient of the proof is an abstract discrete…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Ansgar Jüngel , Stefan Schuchnigg

Modern deep neural networks are well known to be brittle in the face of unknown data instances and recognition of the latter remains a challenge. Although it is inevitable for continual-learning systems to encounter such unseen concepts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Martin Mundt , Iuliia Pliushch , Sagnik Majumder , Yongwon Hong , Visvanathan Ramesh